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Federated learning allows multiple users to collaboratively train a shared classification model while preserving data privacy. This approach, where model updates are aggregated by a central server, was shown to be vulnerable to poisoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Chien-Lun Chen , Leana Golubchik , Marco Paolieri

Federated learning (FL) has become a key component in various language modeling applications such as machine translation, next-word prediction, and medical record analysis. These applications are trained on datasets from many FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Kang Gu , Najrin Sultana , Shagufta Mehnaz

Recently researchers have studied input leakage problems in Federated Learning (FL) where a malicious party can reconstruct sensitive training inputs provided by users from shared gradient. It raises concerns about FL since input leakage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Jiankai Sun , Yuanshun Yao , Weihao Gao , Junyuan Xie , Chong Wang

Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative model training but remains vulnerable to adversarial behaviors that compromise model utility or fairness across sensitive groups. While extensive studies have examined attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yanli Li , Yanan Zhou , Zhongliang Guo , Nan Yang , Yuning Zhang , Huaming Chen , Dong Yuan , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

The idea of federated learning is to collaboratively train a neural network on a server. Each user receives the current weights of the network and in turns sends parameter updates (gradients) based on local data. This protocol has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Jonas Geiping , Hartmut Bauermeister , Hannah Dröge , Michael Moeller

Federated learning was introduced to enable machine learning over large decentralized datasets while promising privacy by eliminating the need for data sharing. Despite this, prior work has shown that shared gradients often contain private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Joshua C. Zhao , Atul Sharma , Ahmed Roushdy Elkordy , Yahya H. Ezzeldin , Salman Avestimehr , Saurabh Bagchi

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a secure paradigm for collaborative training among clients. Without data centralization, FL allows clients to share local information in a privacy-preserving manner. This approach has gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jiawei Shao , Zijian Li , Wenqiang Sun , Tailin Zhou , Yuchang Sun , Lumin Liu , Zehong Lin , Yuyi Mao , Jun Zhang

With the emergence of data silos and popular privacy awareness, the traditional centralized approach of training artificial intelligence (AI) models is facing strong challenges. Federated learning (FL) has recently emerged as a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Lingjuan Lyu , Han Yu , Qiang Yang

Federated learning (FL) is a popular distributed learning framework that can reduce privacy risks by not explicitly sharing private data. However, recent works demonstrated that sharing model updates makes FL vulnerable to inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jingwei Sun , Ang Li , Binghui Wang , Huanrui Yang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Language models trained via federated learning (FL) demonstrate impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks while protecting user privacy. Recent studies indicate that leveraging gradient information and prior knowledge can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jianwei Li , Sheng Liu , Qi Lei

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a powerful approach to safeguard data privacy by training models across distributed edge devices without centralizing local data. Despite advancements in homogeneous data scenarios, maintaining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yuting Ma , Shengeng Tang , Xiaohua Xu , Lechao Cheng

Effectively leveraging private datasets remains a significant challenge in developing foundation models. Federated Learning (FL) has recently emerged as a collaborative framework that enables multiple users to fine-tune these models while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yiyuan Yang , Guodong Long , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Private data, being larger and quality-higher than public data, can greatly improve large language models (LLM). However, due to privacy concerns, this data is often dispersed in multiple silos, making its secure utilization for LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 JiaYing Zheng , HaiNan Zhang , LingXiang Wang , WangJie Qiu , HongWei Zheng , ZhiMing Zheng

The main premise of federated learning (FL) is that machine learning model updates are computed locally to preserve user data privacy. This approach avoids by design user data to ever leave the perimeter of their device. Once the updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Simon Queyrut , Valerio Schiavoni , Pascal Felber

Federated learning enables multiple users to build a joint model by sharing their model updates (gradients), while their raw data remains local on their devices. In contrast to the common belief that this provides privacy benefits, we here…

Federated Learning (FL) has become very popular since it enables clients to train a joint model collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, FL has been shown to be susceptible to backdoor and inference attacks. While in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Huimin Li , Phillip Rieger , Shaza Zeitouni , Stjepan Picek , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Conventional gradient-sharing approaches for federated learning (FL), such as FedAvg, rely on aggregation of local models and often face performance degradation under differential privacy (DP) mechanisms or data heterogeneity, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Hui-Po Wang , Dingfan Chen , Raouf Kerkouche , Mario Fritz

Federated learning (FL) has recently emerged as a new form of collaborative machine learning, where a common model can be learned while keeping all the training data on local devices. Although it is designed for enhancing the data privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Lixu Wang , Shichao Xu , Xiao Wang , Qi Zhu

A key feature of federated learning (FL) is to preserve the data privacy of end users. However, there still exist potential privacy leakage in exchanging gradients under FL. As a result, recent research often explores the differential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuntao Wang , Zhou Su , Yanghe Pan , Tom H Luan , Ruidong Li , Shui Yu

Federated learning (FL) provides a privacy-preserving solution for distributed machine learning tasks. One challenging problem that severely damages the performance of FL models is the co-occurrence of data heterogeneity and long-tail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Xinyi Shang , Yang Lu , Gang Huang , Hanzi Wang