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In this paper we present a curated dataset from the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission in a format suitable for machine learning research. Beginning from level 1 scientific products we have processed various instrumental…

This paper introduces a high resolution, machine learning-ready heliophysics dataset derived from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), specifically designed to advance machine learning (ML) applications in solar physics and space…

In this dataset we provide a comprehensive collection of magnetograms (images quantifying the strength of the magnetic field) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The dataset…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-13 Laura E. Boucheron , Ty Vincent , Jeremy A. Grajeda , Ellery Wuest

Solar activity is usually caused by the evolution of solar magnetic fields. Magnetic field parameters derived from photospheric vector magnetograms of solar active regions have been used to analyze and forecast eruptive events such as solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 Haodi Jiang , Qin Li , Zhihang Hu , Nian Liu , Yasser Abduallah , Ju Jing , Genwei Zhang , Yan Xu , Wynne Hsu , Jason T. L. Wang , Haimin Wang

Extreme Ultraviolet images of the Sun are becoming an integral part of space weather prediction tasks. However, having different surveys requires the development of instrument-specific prediction algorithms. As an alternative, it is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-22 Subhamoy Chatterjee , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo , Maher Dayeh , Hazel M. Bain , Kimberly Moreland

Machine learning is starting to be used in almost every industry and academic research, and solar physics is no exception. A newly developed machine learning model named MagNet helps us to tackle some of the most serious challenges in data…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-27 Aryiadna Yesmanchyk , Yan Xu , Jason T. L. Wang , Haodi Jiang , Chunhui Xu , Haimin Wang

This paper presents SunPy (version 0.5), a community-developed Python package for solar physics. Python, a free, cross-platform, general-purpose, high-level programming language, has seen widespread adoption among the scientific community,…

Image super-resolution has been an important subject in image processing and recognition. Here, we present an attention-aided convolutional neural network (CNN) for solar image super-resolution. Our method, named SolarCNN, aims to enhance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-28 Chunhui Xu , Jason T. L. Wang , Haimin Wang , Haodi Jiang , Qin Li , Yasser Abduallah , Yan Xu

Solar irradiance is fundamental data crucial for analyses related to weather and climate. High-precision estimation models are necessary to create areal data for solar irradiance. In this study, we developed a novel estimation model by…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Jun Sasaki , Maki Okada , Kenji Utsunomiya , Koji Yamaguchi

The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), a NASA multi-spectral decade-long mission that has been daily producing terabytes of observational data from the Sun, has been recently used as a use-case to demonstrate the potential of machine…

swdatatoolkit is a Python-based scientific software library designed to support the acquisition, preprocessing, and analysis of solar and space weather data. The toolkit consolidates functionality across multiple domains, including data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-27 Dustin Kempton , Griffin Goodwin , Tarun Kumar Reddy Thippareddy , Reet Gupta , Viacheslav Sadykov , Rafal Angryk

Ahead-of-time forecasting of the output power of power plants is essential for the stability of the electricity grid and ensuring uninterrupted service. However, forecasting renewable energy sources is difficult due to the chaotic behavior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Anas Al-lahham , Obaidah Theeb , Khaled Elalem , Tariq A. Alshawi , Saleh A. Alshebeili

Understanding and monitoring the complex and dynamic processes of the Sun is important for a number of human activities on Earth and in space. For this reason, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has been continuously monitoring the…

Operational forecasting of the ionosphere remains a critical space weather challenge due to sparse observations, complex coupling across geospatial layers, and a growing need for timely, accurate predictions that support Global Navigation…

The volume of data being collected in solar physics has exponentially increased over the past decade and with the introduction of the $\textit{Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope}$ (DKIST) we will be entering the age of petabyte solar data.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-10 John A. Armstrong , Lyndsay Fletcher

Space weather forecasting is critical for mitigating radiation risks in space exploration and protecting Earth-based technologies from geomagnetic disturbances. This paper presents the development of a Machine Learning (ML)- ready data…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-13 Maher A Dayeh , Michael J Starkey , Subhamoy Chatterjee , Heather Elliott , Samuel Hart , Kimberly Moreland

Sky-image-based solar forecasting using deep learning has been recognized as a promising approach in reducing the uncertainty in solar power generation. However, one of the biggest challenges is the lack of massive and diversified sky image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yuhao Nie , Xiatong Li , Quentin Paletta , Max Aragon , Andea Scott , Adam Brandt

The radioheliograph image is essential for the study of solar short term activities and long term variations, while the continuity and granularity of radioheliograph data is not so ideal, due to the short visible time of the sun and the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 PeiJin Zhang , Chuanbing Wang , Guanshan Pu

Machine Learning algorithms are good tools for both classification and prediction purposes. These algorithms can further be used for scientific discoveries from the enormous data being collected in our era. We present ways of discovering…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-26 Shraddha Surana , Yogesh Wadadekar , Divya Oberoi

In the present work, we collect solar irradiance and atmospheric condition data from several products, obtained from both numerical models (ERA5 and NORA3) and satellite observations (CMSAF-SARAH3). We then train simple supervised Machine…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 J Rabault , ML Sætra , A Dobler , S Eastwood , E Berge
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