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Large Language Models have achieved remarkable success across various natural language processing tasks, yet their high computational cost during inference remains a major bottleneck. This paper introduces Sparse Expert Activation Pruning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Xun Liang , Hanyu Wang , Huayi Lai , Simin Niu , Shichao Song , Jiawei Yang , Jihao Zhao , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Zhiyu Li

Dynamic Sparse Training (DST) methods train neural networks by maintaining sparsity while dynamically adapting the network topology. Despite the promise of reduced computation, DST methods converge significantly slower than dense training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Mohammed Adnan , Rohan Jain , Tom Jacobs , Ekansh Sharma , Rahul G. Krishnan , Rebekka Burkholz , Yani Ioannou

Recently, Transformer-based language models have demonstrated remarkable performance across many NLP domains. However, the unsupervised pre-training step of these models suffers from unbearable overall computational expenses. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Minjia Zhang , Yuxiong He

Large-scale machine learning (ML) models are increasingly being used in critical domains like education, lending, recruitment, healthcare, criminal justice, etc. However, the training, deployment, and utilization of these models demand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Ding Zhu , Zhiqun Zuo , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili

In recent years, Dynamic Sparse Training (DST) has emerged as an alternative to post-training pruning for generating efficient models. In principle, DST allows for a more memory efficient training process, as it maintains sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Nasib Ullah , Erik Schultheis , Mike Lasby , Yani Ioannou , Rohit Babbar

Transfer learning with large pretrained transformer-based language models like BERT has become a dominating approach for most NLP tasks. Simply fine-tuning those large language models on downstream tasks or combining it with task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Wenjuan Han , Bo Pang , Yingnian Wu

Pruning has recently been widely adopted to reduce the parameter scale and improve the inference efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Mainstream pruning techniques often rely on uniform layerwise pruning strategies, which can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yuli Chen , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Yingying Zhang , Yingting Li , Shuhao Zhang

Increasing model size when pretraining natural language representations often results in improved performance on downstream tasks. However, at some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU memory limitations and longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Zhenzhong Lan , Mingda Chen , Sebastian Goodman , Kevin Gimpel , Piyush Sharma , Radu Soricut

Sparse training is emerging as a promising avenue for reducing the computational cost of training neural networks. Several recent studies have proposed pruning methods using learnable thresholds to efficiently explore the non-uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Abhisek Kundu , Naveen K. Mellempudi , Dharma Teja Vooturi , Bharat Kaul , Pradeep Dubey

Modern large-scale Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved tremendous success on a wide range of downstream tasks. However, most of the LM pre-training objectives only focus on text reconstruction, but have not sought to learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Liliang Ren , Zixuan Zhang , Han Wang , Clare R. Voss , Chengxiang Zhai , Heng Ji

Deep neural networks with lots of parameters are typically used for large-scale computer vision tasks such as image classification. This is a result of using dense matrix multiplications and convolutions. However, sparse computations are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Suraj Srinivas , Akshayvarun Subramanya , R. Venkatesh Babu

We consider the problem of accurate sparse fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), that is, fine-tuning pretrained LLMs on specialized tasks, while inducing sparsity in their weights. On the accuracy side, we observe that standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Eldar Kurtic , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

Sparse training is a natural idea to accelerate the training speed of deep neural networks and save the memory usage, especially since large modern neural networks are significantly over-parameterized. However, most of the existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Xiao Zhou , Weizhong Zhang , Zonghao Chen , Shizhe Diao , Tong Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks, their massive scale incurs prohibitive computational and memory costs for pre-training from scratch. Recent studies have investigated the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jiaxi Li , Lu Yin , Li Shen , Jinjin Xu , Liwu Xu , Tianjin Huang , Wenwu Wang , Shiwei Liu , Xilu Wang

Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and, thus, are too resource-hungry and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Prakhar Ganesh , Yao Chen , Xin Lou , Mohammad Ali Khan , Yin Yang , Hassan Sajjad , Preslav Nakov , Deming Chen , Marianne Winslett

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been proven to be exceptionally effective and have been applied across diverse domains within deep learning. However, as DNN models increase in complexity, the demand for reduced computational costs and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xiaotian Chen , Hongyun Liu , Seyed Sahand Mohammadi Ziabari

Transformer-based pre-trained language models (PLMs) mostly suffer from excessive overhead despite their advanced capacity. For resource-constrained devices, there is an urgent need for a spatially and temporally efficient model which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Bowen Shen , Zheng Lin , Yuanxin Liu , Zhengxiao Liu , Lei Wang , Weiping Wang

We provide a new efficient version of the backpropagation algorithm, specialized to the case where the weights of the neural network being trained are sparse. Our algorithm is general, as it applies to arbitrary (unstructured) sparsity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Mahdi Nikdan , Tommaso Pegolotti , Eugenia Iofinova , Eldar Kurtic , Dan Alistarh

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various tasks but face deployment challenges due to their massive computational demands. While post-training pruning methods like SparseGPT and Wanda can effectively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qiao Xiao , Alan Ansell , Boqian Wu , Lu Yin , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Shiwei Liu , Decebal Constantin Mocanu

Full fine-tuning of large language models for alignment and task adaptation has become prohibitively expensive as models have grown in size. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods aim at significantly reducing the computational and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jesus Rios , Pierre Dognin , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan N. Ramamurthy