Related papers: Radio-Frequency (RF) Systems
Radiofrequency (RF) systems play a critical role in particle accelerators by enabling the acceleration, manipulation, and diagnosis of charged particle beams. At the heart of many of these systems lies the RF cavity, whose effective design…
The interaction of a charged particle beam with radio-frequency (RF) systems in most linear or circular accelerators is an non-linear process. The large longitudinal electric fields for acceleration and longitudinal beam manipulations can…
The radio-frequency (RF) system is the key element that generates electric fields for beam acceleration. To keep the system reliable, a highly sophisticated protection scheme is required, which also should be designed to ensure a good…
The high-power RF coupler is the connecting part between the RF transmission line and the RF cavity and provides the electromagnetic power to the cavity and the particle beam. In addition to this RF function it also has to provide the…
RF electronics deals with the generation, acquisition and manipulation of high-frequency signals. In particle accelerators signals of this kind are abundant, especially in the RF and beam diagnostics systems. In modern machines the…
This paper deals with the techniques of transport of high-power radiofrequency (RF) power from a RF power source to the cavities of an accelerator. Since the theory of electromagnetic waves in waveguides and of waveguide components is very…
The low-level RF system (LLRF) generates the drive sent to the high-power equipment. In synchrotrons, it uses signals from beam pick-ups (radial and longitudinal) to minimize the beam losses and provide a beam with reproducible parameters…
Solid state amplifiers are being increasingly used instead of electronic vacuum tubes to feed accelerating cavities with radio frequency power in the 100 kW range. Power is obtained from the combination of hundreds of transistor amplifier…
A key factor in any RF system is the mechanism for coupling the RF power from an amplifier into an accelerating cavity. Any tranmission line will experience reflections if there is a mismatch in the impedance between the line and its load.…
It is well known that the tuning of a long radio-frequency quadrupole accelerator is demanding. This study investigated how to realize efficient long RFQ accelerators with multiple shorter and independent cavities. From the RF point of…
This paper reviews the main types of r.f. power amplifiers which are, or may be, used for particle accelerators. It covers solid-state devices, tetrodes, inductive output tubes, klystrons, magnetrons, and gyrotrons with power outputs…
This paper deals with the techniques of transport of high-power RF from an RF power source to the cavities of an accelerator. Since the theory of electromagnetic waves in waveguides and of waveguide components is very well explained in a…
Due to power attenuation, improving transmission efficiency in the radio-frequency (RF) band remains a significant challenge, which hinders advancements in various fields of the Internet of Things (IoT), such as wireless power transfer…
Radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linear accelerators appeared on the accelerator scene in the late 1970s and have since revolutionized the domain of low-energy proton and ion acceleration. The RFQ makes the reliable production of…
RF cavities used in modern particle accelerators operate in TM$_{m10}$-like modes composed of a single, dominant multipole of order $m$; $m=0$ modes are used for the longitudinal acceleration of a particle beam and $m\neq0$ modes for…
We describe a simple mechanism to transform bunches with matched longitudinal phase-space distributions from one RF system to a matched distribution of a second RF system operating on a different harmonic and with a different accelerating…
Non-linearities in radio-frequency (RF) transceiver hardware, particularly in power amplifiers, cause distortion in-band and out-of-band. Contrary to claims made in recent literature, in a multiple-antenna system this distortion is…
'Low-beta' radio-frequency accelerating structures are used in the sections of a linear accelerator where the velocity of the particle beam increases with energy. The requirement for space periodicity to match the increasing particle…
We begin by giving a description of the radio-frequency generator-cavity-beam coupled system in terms of basic quantities. Taking beam loading and cavity detuning into account, expressions for the cavity impedance as seen by the generator…
Radio frequency (RF) superconductivity has become a key technology for many modern particle accelerators. One of its most salient features of this technology is the ability of superconducting RF cavities to deliver high accelerating…