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The sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks are expected to deliver ubiquitous connectivity, resilient coverage, and intelligence-driven services in highly dynamic environments. To achieve these goals, distributed wireless architectures…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Enyu Shi , Jiayi Zhang , Zhilong Liu , Ziheng Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan , Merouane Debbah , Shi Jin , Bo Ai

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) have been proposed as a revolutionary technology owing to its capability of adaptively reconfiguring the propagation environment in a cost-effective and hardware-efficient fashion. While the application…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-25 Rang Liu , Ming Li , Qian Liu , A. Lee Swindlehurst , Qingqing Wu

Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting (STAR) reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which serves users located on both sides of the surface, has recently emerged as a promising enhancement to the traditional reflective only RIS. Due…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-16 Hancheng Zhu , Yuanwei Liu , Yik Chung Wu , Vincent K. N. Lau

Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) has been recently proposed as a promising solution to enhance the spectral and energy efficiency of future wireless networks by tuning a massive number of low-cost passive reflecting elements and thereby…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Jiangbin Lyu , Rui Zhang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is one of the promising 6G technologies that allows the conversion of the wireless channel into an intelligent transmit entity by manipulating the impinging waves using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-01 I. Yildirim , A. Uyrus , E. Basar

The rapid growth of wireless communications has created a significant demand for high throughput, seamless connectivity, and extremely low latency. To meet these goals, a novel technology -- stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) -- has…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Hao Liu , Jiancheng An , Xing Jia , Lu Gan , George K. Karagiannidis , Bruno Clerckx , Mehdi Bennis , Mérouane Debbah , Tie Jun Cui

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are regarded as a promising emerging hardware technology to improve the spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless networks by artificially reconfiguring the propagation environment of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Xiaojun Yuan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang , Yuanming Shi , Wenjing Yan , Hang Liu

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are two dimensional (2D) metasurfaces which can intelligently manipulate electromagnetic waves by low-cost near passive reflecting elements. RIS is viewed as a potential key technology for the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-07 Jie Huang , Cheng-Xiang Wang , Yingzhuo Sun , Rui Feng , Jialing Huang , Bolun Guo , Zhimeng Zhong , Tie Jun Cui

Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has gained research and development interests to modify wireless channel characteristics in order to improve performance of wireless communications, especially when quality of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Alireza Salehiyan , Mohammad Javad Emadi

Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting intelligent omini-surfaces (STAR-IOSs) are able to achieve full coverage "smart radio environments". By splitting the energy or altering the active number of STAR-IOS elements, STAR-IOSs provide high…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Chao Zhang , Wenqiang Yi , Yuanwei Liu , Zhiguo Ding , Lingyang Song

In this article, we overview intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-empowered wireless communication systems. We first present the fundamentals of IRS-assisted wireless transmission. On this basis, we explore the integration of IRS with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Ming Zeng , Ebrahim Bedeer , Xingwang Li , Quoc-Viet Pham , Octavia A. Dobre , Paul Fortier , Leslie A. Rusch

The concept of reconfiguring wireless propagation environments using intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS)s has recently emerged, where an IRS comprises of a large number of passive reflecting elements that can smartly reflect the impinging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem , Hibatallah Alwazani , Abla Kammoun , Anas Chaaban , Merouane Debbah , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

In this paper, we investigate the integration of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS) with rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) for improving physical layer security (PLS) in integrated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Thanh Nha To , Hoang Lai Pham , Quynh Nguyen Thi , Tuan Anh Pham , Le Thanh Bang

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of wireless propagation environment has recently emerged as a promising cost-effective technology for boosting the spectrum and energy efficiency in future wireless communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Samith Abeywickrama , Rui Zhang , Qingqing Wu , Chau Yuen

In this paper, we develop a physics-based model that allows a scalable optimization of large intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). The basic idea is to partition the IRS unit cells into several subsets, referred to as tiles, and model the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-09 Marzieh Najafi , Vahid Jamali , Robert Schober , Vincent H. Poor

In this paper, we consider a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system aided by multiple intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) that are deployed to increase the coverage and, possibly, the rank of the channel. We propose an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Andrea Abrardo , Davide Dardari , Marco Di Renzo

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) as a smart reflector is revolutionizing research for next-generation wireless communications. Complementing this is a concept of using RIS as an efficient propagation medium for potentially superior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-04 Z. Chu , K. F. Tong , K. K. Wong , C. B. Chae , C. H. Chan

Full-duplex (FD) transmission has already been regarded and developed as a promising method to improve the utilization efficiency of the limited spectrum resource, as transmitting and receiving are allowed to simultaneously occur on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-27 Gaofeng Pan , Jia Ye , Jianping An , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

In this paper, we propose and study a multi-functional reconfigurable intelligent surface (MF-RIS) architecture. In contrast to conventional single-functional RIS (SF-RIS) that only reflects signals, the proposed MF-RIS simultaneously…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Wen Wang , Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Yonina C. Eldar , Rui Zhang

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has emerged as a promising technology to realize smart radio environment for future wireless communication systems. Existing works in this line of research have mainly considered the conventional passive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Zhenyu Kang , Changsheng You , Rui Zhang