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Large language models (LLMs) excel in natural language processing but adapting these LLMs to speech processing tasks efficiently is not straightforward. Direct task-specific fine-tuning is limited by overfitting risks, data requirements,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Maike Züfle , Jan Niehues

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based speech pre-training has attracted much attention for its capability of extracting rich representations learned from massive unlabeled data. On the other hand, the use of weakly-supervised data is less…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Wangyou Zhang , Yanmin Qian

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has shown marvelous improvements across various NLP tasks, and consecutive variants have been proposed to further improve the performance of the pre-trained language models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Bing Qin , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

Self-supervised Transformer based models, such as wav2vec 2.0 and HuBERT, have produced significant improvements over existing approaches to automatic speech recognition (ASR). This is evident in the performance of the wav2vec 2.0 based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mitchell DeHaven , Jayadev Billa

Probabilistic Latent Variable Models (LVMs) provide an alternative to self-supervised learning approaches for linguistic representation learning from speech. LVMs admit an intuitive probabilistic interpretation where the latent structure…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Sameer Khurana , Antoine Laurent , Wei-Ning Hsu , Jan Chorowski , Adrian Lancucki , Ricard Marxer , James Glass

Language models (LMs) have become pivotal in the realm of technological advancements. While their capabilities are vast and transformative, they often include societal biases encoded in the human-produced datasets used for their training.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Iñigo Parra

Several pre-training objectives, such as masked language modeling (MLM), have been proposed to pre-train language models (e.g. BERT) with the aim of learning better language representations. However, to the best of our knowledge, no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ahmed Alajrami , Nikolaos Aletras

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have been driven bypretrained language models like BERT, RoBERTa, T5, and GPT. Thesemodels excel at understanding complex texts, but biomedical literature, withits domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 K. Sahit Reddy , N. Ragavenderan , Vasanth K. , Ganesh N. Naik , Vishalakshi Prabhu , Nagaraja G. S

Speech and language models trained through self-supervised learning (SSL) demonstrate strong alignment with brain activity during speech and language perception. However, given their distinct training modalities, it remains unclear whether…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-01 Peili Chen , Linyang He , Li Fu , Lu Fan , Edward F. Chang , Yuanning Li

For self-supervised speech processing, it is crucial to use pretrained models as speech representation extractors. In recent works, increasing the size of the model has been utilized in acoustic model training in order to achieve better…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-04 Po-Han Chi , Pei-Hung Chung , Tsung-Han Wu , Chun-Cheng Hsieh , Yen-Hao Chen , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Recently, self-supervised pre-training has shown significant improvements in many areas of machine learning, including speech and NLP. We propose using large self-supervised pre-trained models for both audio and text modality with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-24 Krishna D N

As a crucial aspect of Music Information Retrieval (MIR), Symbolic Music Understanding (SMU) has garnered significant attention for its potential to assist both musicians and enthusiasts in learning and creating music. Recently, pre-trained…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zijian Zhao

Although pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, they are shown to be lacking in knowledge when dealing with knowledge driven tasks. Despite the many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Qianglong Chen , Feng-Lin Li , Guohai Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Yin Zhang

Large-scale language model pretraining is a very successful form of self-supervised learning in natural language processing, but it is increasingly expensive to perform as the models and pretraining corpora have become larger over time. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Haoxin Li , Phillip Keung , Daniel Cheng , Jungo Kasai , Noah A. Smith

Self-supervised speech representation learning has shown promising results in various speech processing tasks. However, the pre-trained models, e.g., HuBERT, are storage-intensive Transformers, limiting their scope of applications under…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Rui Wang , Qibing Bai , Junyi Ao , Long Zhou , Zhixiang Xiong , Zhihua Wei , Yu Zhang , Tom Ko , Haizhou Li

In this work, we present a novel method, named AV2vec, for learning audio-visual speech representations by multimodal self-distillation. AV2vec has a student and a teacher module, in which the student performs a masked latent feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Jing-Xuan Zhang , Genshun Wan , Zhen-Hua Ling , Jia Pan , Jianqing Gao , Cong Liu

Cross-language pre-trained models such as multilingual BERT (mBERT) have achieved significant performance in various cross-lingual downstream NLP tasks. This paper proposes a multi-level contrastive learning (ML-CTL) framework to further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Beiduo Chen , Wu Guo , Bin Gu , Quan Liu , Yongchao Wang

This study explores a multi-lingual audio self-supervised learning model for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using the TAUKADIAL cross-lingual dataset. While speech transcription-based detection with BERT models is effective,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Yueguan Wang , Tatsunari Matsushima , Soichiro Matsushima , Toshimitsu Sakai

The impressive performance of GPT-3 using natural language prompts and in-context learning has inspired work on better fine-tuning of moderately-sized models under this paradigm. Following this line of work, we present a contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Yiren Jian , Chongyang Gao , Soroush Vosoughi