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Combinatorial optimization problems on graphs have broad applications in science and engineering. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a method to solve these problems on a quantum computer by applying multiple rounds of…

Present-day, noisy, small or intermediate-scale quantum processors---although far from fault-tolerant---support the execution of heuristic quantum algorithms, which might enable a quantum advantage, for example, when applied to…

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems offer a natural framework for continuous optimization through their infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In this paper, we propose the Complex Continuous-Variable Quantum Approximate Optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Raneem Madani , Abdel Lisser , Zeno Toffano

We provide an approximation algorithm for k-means clustering in the one-round (aka non-interactive) local model of differential privacy (DP). This algorithm achieves an approximation ratio arbitrarily close to the best non private…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Alisa Chang , Badih Ghazi , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi

Variational Quantum Algorithms, including the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), have shown promise in solving optimization problems but rely on costly variational loops that can themselves be hard optimization problems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Lucas T. Braydwood , Phillip C. Lotshaw

This thesis explores algorithmic applications and limitations of convex relaxation hierarchies for approximating some discrete and continuous optimization problems. - We show a dichotomy of approximability of constraint satisfaction…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Mrinalkanti Ghosh

We present a thorough investigation of problems that can be solved exactly with the level-1 Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). To this end we implicitly define a class of problem Hamiltonians that employed as phase separator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-04 Michael Streif , Martin Leib

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum-classical hybrid technique to solve combinatorial optimization problems in near-term gate-based noisy quantum devices. In QAOA, the objective is a function of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum Computing promises to solve complex combinatorial optimization problems more efficiently than classical methods, with the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) being a leading candidate. Recent fixed-parameter variations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Rodrigo Coelho , Georg Kruse , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has emerged as a promising approach for addressing combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum hardware. In this work, we conduct an empirical evaluation of QAOA on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Evgenii Dolzhkov , Franz G. Fuchs , Dirk Oliver Theis

Combinatorial optimization is an important application targeted by quantum computing. However, near-term hardware constraints make quantum algorithms unlikely to be competitive when compared to high-performing classical heuristics on large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Charles Moussa , Hao Wang , Henri Calandra , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) achieves monotonically improving performance with circuit depth $p$, yet the study of the high-depth regime has been obstructed by the exponential in $p$ cost of existing exact…

This paper describes an application of the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) to efficiently find approximate solutions for computational problems contained in the polynomially bounded NP optimisation complexity class (NPO…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Samuel Marsh , Jingbo Wang

The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz, a generalization of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), is a quantum algorithm used for approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems. QAOA typically uses the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Elijah Pelofske

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, it cannot overcome qubit limitation for large-scale problems. Furthermore, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Junde Li , Mahabubul Alam , Swaroop Ghosh

The practical implementation of quantum optimization algorithms on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices requires accounting for their limited connectivity. As such, the Parity architecture was introduced to overcome this limitation by…

The binary paint shop problem (BPSP) is an APX-hard optimization problem of the automotive industry. In this work, we show how to use the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to find solutions of the BPSP and demonstrate that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Michael Streif , Sheir Yarkoni , Andrea Skolik , Florian Neukart , Martin Leib

We show through numerical simulation that the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for higher-order, random-coefficient, heavy-hex compatible spin glass Ising models has strong parameter concentration across problem sizes from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Elijah Pelofske , Andreas Bärtschi , Lukasz Cincio , John Golden , Stephan Eidenbenz

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and its variants exhibit immense potential in tackling combinatorial optimization challenges. However, their practical realization confronts a dilemma: the requisite circuit depth for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Yang Qian , Xinbiao Wang , Yuxuan Du , Yong Luo , Dacheng Tao

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising quantum heuristics for combinatorial optimization. While QAOA has been shown to perform well on small-scale instances and to provide an asymptotic speedup over…