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We establish a Karhunen-Lo`eve expansion for generic centered, second order stochastic processes, which does not rely on topological assumptions. We further investigate in which norms the expansion converges and derive exact average rates…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-08 Ingo Steinwart

The computational cost for inference and prediction of statistical models based on Gaussian processes with Mat\'ern covariance functions scales cubicly with the number of observations, limiting their applicability to large data sets. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-04 David Bolin , Vaibhav Mehandiratta , Alexandre B. Simas

Gaussian variational approximation is a popular methodology to approximate posterior distributions in Bayesian inference especially in high dimensional and large data settings. To control the computational cost while being able to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Bingxin Zhou , Junbin Gao , Minh-Ngoc Tran , Richard Gerlach

Excellent variational approximations to Gaussian process posteriors have been developed which avoid the $\mathcal{O}\left(N^3\right)$ scaling with dataset size $N$. They reduce the computational cost to $\mathcal{O}\left(NM^2\right)$, with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-05 David R. Burt , Carl E. Rasmussen , Mark van der Wilk

Direct quantile regression involves estimating a given quantile of a response variable as a function of input variables. We present a new framework for direct quantile regression where a Gaussian process model is learned, minimising the…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-03 Alexis Boukouvalas , Remi Barillec , Dan Cornford

We introduce a new interpretation of sparse variational approximations for Gaussian processes using inducing points, which can lead to more scalable algorithms than previous methods. It is based on decomposing a Gaussian process as a sum of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-27 Jiaxin Shi , Michalis K. Titsias , Andriy Mnih

Gaussian process (GP) regression is a popular surrogate modeling tool for computer simulations in engineering and scientific domains. However, it often struggles with high computational costs and low prediction accuracy when the simulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lulu Kang , Minshen Xu

We introduce new Gaussian Process (GP) high-order approximations to linear operations that are frequently used in various numerical methods. Our method employs the kernel-based GP regression modeling, a non-parametric Bayesian approach to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Christopher DeGrendele , Dongwook Lee

The goal in thinning is to summarize a dataset using a small set of representative points. Remarkably, sub-Gaussian thinning algorithms like Kernel Halving and Compress can match the quality of uniform subsampling while substantially…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-03 Annabelle Michael Carrell , Albert Gong , Abhishek Shetty , Raaz Dwivedi , Lester Mackey

We provide faster algorithms for the problem of Gaussian summation, which occurs in many machine learning methods. We develop two new extensions - an O(Dp) Taylor expansion for the Gaussian kernel with rigorous error bounds and a new error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Dongryeol Lee , Alexander G. Gray

The Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) algorithm uses a conditional Gaus-sian Process (GP) to approximate an objective function known at a finite number of observation points and sequentially adds new points which maximize the Expected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-09 Hossein Mohammadi , Rodolphe Le Riche , Eric Touboul

Gaussian process regression is a frequently used statistical method for flexible yet fully probabilistic non-linear regression modeling. A common obstacle is its computational complexity which scales poorly with the number of observations.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Adam Gorm Hoffmann , Claus Thorn Ekstrøm , Andreas Kryger Jensen

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a powerful tool for probabilistic inference over functions. They have been applied to both regression and non-linear dimensionality reduction, and offer desirable properties such as uncertainty estimates,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-01 Yarin Gal , Mark van der Wilk , Carl E. Rasmussen

Due to the increasing demand for high performance and cost reduction within the framework of complex system design, numerical optimization of computationally costly problems is an increasingly popular topic in most engineering fields. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-12 Julien Pelamatti , Loïc Brevault , Mathieu Balesdent , El-Ghazali Talbi , Yannick Guerin

Probabilistic machine learning models are distinguished by their ability to integrate prior knowledge of noise statistics, smoothness parameters, and training data uncertainty. A common approach involves modeling data with Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-31 Cristian A. Galvis-Florez , Ahmad Farooq , Simo Särkkä

We propose a representation of Gaussian processes (GPs) based on powers of the integral operator defined by a kernel function, we call these stochastic processes integral Gaussian processes (IGPs). Sample paths from IGPs are functions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-08 Zilong Tan , Sayan Mukherjee

Gaussian Processes are widely used for regression tasks. A known limitation in the application of Gaussian Processes to regression tasks is that the computation of the solution requires performing a matrix inversion. The solution also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Sourish Das , Sasanka Roy , Rajiv Sambasivan

Gaussian processes are a natural way of defining prior distributions over functions of one or more input variables. In a simple nonparametric regression problem, where such a function gives the mean of a Gaussian distribution for an…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-02-03 Radford M. Neal

Simulation of surface processes is a key part of computational chemistry that offers atomic-scale insights into mechanisms of heterogeneous catalysis, diffusion dynamics, as well as quantum tunneling phenomena. The most common theoretical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-05-01 Wei Fang , Yu-Cheng Zhu , Yi-Han Cheng , Yi-Ping Hao , Jeremy O. Richardson

We propose an efficient optimization algorithm for selecting a subset of training data to induce sparsity for Gaussian process regression. The algorithm estimates an inducing set and the hyperparameters using a single objective, either the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Yanshuai Cao , Marcus A. Brubaker , David J. Fleet , Aaron Hertzmann