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Processing-in-Memory (PIM) enhances memory with computational capabilities, potentially solving energy and latency issues associated with data transfer between memory and processors. However, managing concurrent computation and data flow…

Generative Pre-trained Transformer models, known as GPT or OPT, set themselves apart through breakthrough performance across complex language modelling tasks, but also by their extremely high computational and storage costs. Specifically,…

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various domains of applications and gradually becomes the foundations of the advanced large deep learning (DL) models. However, how to train these models over multiple GPUs…

Training machine learning (ML) algorithms is a computationally intensive process, which is frequently memory-bound due to repeatedly accessing large training datasets. As a result, processor-centric systems (e.g., CPU, GPU) suffer from…

Diffusion models have exhibited exciting capabilities in generating images and are also very promising for video creation. However, the inference speed of diffusion models is limited by the slow sampling process, restricting its use cases.…

DNN models are becoming increasingly larger to achieve unprecedented accuracy, and the accompanying increased computation and memory requirements necessitate the employment of massive clusters and elaborate parallelization strategies to…

Frontier models increasingly adopt Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures to achieve large-model performance at reduced cost. However, training MoE models on HPC platforms is hindered by large memory footprints, frequent large-scale…

An obvious way to alleviate memory difficulties in GPU-based AI computing is via CPU offload, where data are moved between GPU and CPU RAM, so inexpensive CPU RAM is used to increase the amount of storage available. While CPU offload is an…

As emerging deep neural network (DNN) models continue to grow in size, using large GPU clusters to train DNNs is becoming an essential requirement to achieving acceptable training times. In this paper, we consider the case where future…

Training recommendation systems (RecSys) faces several challenges as it requires the "data preprocessing" stage to preprocess an ample amount of raw data and feed them to the GPU for training in a seamless manner. To sustain high training…

Industrial process optimization and control is crucial to increase economic and ecologic efficiency. However, data sovereignty, differing goals, or the required expert knowledge for implementation impede holistic implementation. Further,…

Recent deep learning models are difficult to train using a large batch size, because commodity machines may not have enough memory to accommodate both the model and a large data batch size. The batch size is one of the hyper-parameters used…

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are powerful tools for modeling complex systems and extracting insights from data, but their training is hindered by the slow mixing of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) processes, especially with highly…

Sequential models, such as Recurrent Neural Networks and Neural Ordinary Differential Equations, have long suffered from slow training due to their inherent sequential nature. For many years this bottleneck has persisted, as many thought…

Many state-of-the-art Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have substantial memory requirements. Limited device memory becomes a bottleneck when training those models. We propose ParDNN, an automatic, generic, and non-intrusive partitioning strategy…

DNN training is time-consuming and requires efficient multi-accelerator parallelization, where a single training iteration is split over available accelerators. Current approaches often parallelize training using intra-batch…

Training large language models (LLMs) is known to be challenging because of the huge computational and memory capacity requirements. To address these issues, it is common to use a cluster of GPUs with 3D parallelism, which splits a model…

State-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) used in vision applications have large models with numerous weights. Training these models is very compute- and memory-resource intensive. Much research has been done on pruning or…

What is a systematic way to efficiently apply a wide spectrum of advanced ML programs to industrial scale problems, using Big Models (up to 100s of billions of parameters) on Big Data (up to terabytes or petabytes)? Modern parallelization…

Diffusion models have achieved great success in synthesizing high-quality images. However, generating high-resolution images with diffusion models is still challenging due to the enormous computational costs, resulting in a prohibitive…