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Stabilizer codes are a simple and successful class of quantum error-correcting codes. Yet this success comes in spite of some harsh limitations on the ability of these codes to fault-tolerantly compute. Here we introduce a new metric for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Aleksander Kubica , Theodore J. Yoder

A fundamental problem in fault-tolerant quantum computation is the tradeoff between universality and dimensionality, exemplified by the the Bravyi-K\"onig bound for $n$-dimensional topological stabilizer codes. In this work, we extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ryohei Kobayashi , Guanyu Zhu , Po-Shen Hsin

We study the implementation of fault-tolerant logical Clifford gates on stabilizer quantum error correcting codes based on their symmetries. Our approach is to map the stabilizer code to a binary linear code, compute its automorphism group,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Hasan Sayginel , Stergios Koutsioumpas , Mark Webster , Abhishek Rajput , Dan E Browne

We evaluate the usefulness of holographic stabilizer codes for practical purposes by studying their allowed sets of fault-tolerantly implementable gates. We treat them as subsystem codes and show that the set of transversally implementable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Sam Cree , Kfir Dolev , Vladimir Calvera , Dominic J. Williamson

In order to perform universal fault-tolerant quantum computation, one needs to implement a logical non-Clifford gate. Consequently, it is important to understand codes that implement such gates transversally. In this paper, we adopt an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Michael Newman , Henry D. Pfister

It is an oft-cited fact that no quantum code can support a set of fault-tolerant logical gates that is both universal and transversal. This no-go theorem is generally responsible for the interest in alternative universality constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Theodore J. Yoder , Ryuji Takagi , Isaac L. Chuang

Quantum error-correcting codes are used to protect qubits involved in quantum computation. This process requires logical operators, acting on protected qubits, to be translated into physical operators (circuits) acting on physical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Swanand Kadhe , Henry D. Pfister

In this paper, we focus on the problem of computing the set of diagonal transversal gates fixing a CSS code. We determine the logical actions of the gates as well as the groups of transversal gates that induce non-trivial logical gates and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Eduardo Camps-Moreno , Hiram H. López , Gretchen L. Matthews , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Rodrigo San-José

Fault-tolerant quantum computation allows quantum computations to be carried out while resisting unwanted noise. Several error-correcting codes have been developed to achieve this task, but none alone are capable of universal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos , Ramin Ayanzadeh

We study the hardness of the problem of finding the distance of quantum error-correcting codes. The analogous problem for classical codes is known to be NP-hard, even in approximate form. For quantum codes, various problems related to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Upendra Kapshikar , Srijita Kundu

We introduce a class of 3D color codes, which we call stacked codes, together with a fault-tolerant transformation that will map logical qubits encoded in two-dimensional (2D) color codes into stacked codes and back. The stacked code allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-07 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Stephen D. Bartlett

With the advent of physical qubits exhibiting strong noise bias, it becomes increasingly relevant to identify which quantum gates can be efficiently implemented on error-correcting codes designed to address a single dominant error type.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Victor Barizien , Hugo Jacinto , Nicolas Sangouard

Physical platforms such as trapped ions suffer from coherent noise where errors manifest as rotations about a particular axis and can accumulate over time. We investigate passive mitigation through decoherence free subspaces, requiring the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Jingzhen Hu , Qingzhong Liang , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank

Circuit synthesis is the task of decomposing a given logical functionality into a sequence of elementary gates. It is (depth-)optimal if it is impossible to achieve the desired functionality with even shorter circuits. Optimal synthesis is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Tom Peham , Nina Brandl , Richard Kueng , Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer

Quantum error correction is believed to be essential for scalable quantum computation, but its implementation is challenging due to its considerable space-time overhead. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating efficient manipulation…

Universal quantum computation requires the implementation of a logical non-Clifford gate. In this paper, we characterize all stabilizer codes whose code subspaces are preserved under physical $T$ and $T^{-1}$ gates. For example, this could…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Michael Newman , Henry D. Pfister

This work classifies the set of diagonal gates that can implement a single or two-qubit transversal logical gate for qubit stabilizer codes. We show that individual physical gates on the underlying qubits that compose the code are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-08 Jonas T. Anderson , Tomas Jochym-O'Connor

Recently, Bravyi and K\"onig have shown that there is a tradeoff between fault-tolerantly implementable logical gates and geometric locality of stabilizer codes. They consider locality-preserving operations which are implemented by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-14 Fernando Pastawski , Beni Yoshida

The non-local interactions in several quantum device architectures allow for the realization of more compact quantum encodings while retaining the same degree of protection against noise. Anticipating that short to medium-length codes will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Shubham P. Jain , Victor V. Albert

Quantum error-correcting codes can be used to protect qubits involved in quantum computation. This requires that logical operators acting on protected qubits be translated to physical operators (circuits) acting on physical quantum states.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Swanand Kadhe , Henry D. Pfister
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