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In this pages I give an overview of the relationship between Model Theory, Arithmetic and Algebraic Geometry. The topics will be the basic ones in the area, so this is just an invitation, in the presentation of topics I mainly follow the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-05-02 Joel Torres Del valle

This paper investigates the foundations of deep learning through insight of geometry, algebra and differential calculus. At is core, artificial intelligence relies on assumption that data and its intrinsic structure can be embedded into…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Tsemo Aristide

Informally, the 'linear representation hypothesis' is the idea that high-level concepts are represented linearly as directions in some representation space. In this paper, we address two closely related questions: What does "linear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kiho Park , Yo Joong Choe , Victor Veitch

There are several proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, mainly using algebra, analysis and topology. In this article, we have shown that the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra can be proved using Nevanlinna's first fundamental theorem…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2017-08-07 Bikash Chakraborty

These lecture notes are intended to give a modest impulse to anyone willing to start or pursue a journey into the theory of Vertex Algebras by reading one of Kac's or Lepowsky-Li's books. Therefore, the primary goal is to provide required…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2008-11-11 Christophe Nozaradan

This paper revisits the principle of uniform convergence in statistical learning, discusses how it acts as the foundation behind machine learning, and attempts to gain a better understanding of the essential problem that current deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Lei Zhang , Heung-Yeung Shum

Lie algebras are an important class of algebras which arise throughout mathematics and physics. We report on the formalisation of Lie algebras in Lean's Mathlib library. Although basic knowledge of Lie theory will benefit the reader, none…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Oliver Nash

Covering theory is an important tool in representation theory of algebras, however, the results and the proofs are scattered in the literature. We give an introduction to covering theory at a level as elementary as possible.

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Yuming Liu , Nengqun Li , Bohan Xing , Pengyun Chen

Motivated by some recent developments in abstract theories of quadratic forms, we start to develop in this work an expansion of Linear Algebra to multivalued structures (a multialgebraic structure is essentially an algebraic structure but…

We give a self-contained exposition of some mathematical aspects of the Mueller-Stokes formalism. In the first part we review some basic notions of linear algebra and establish a proper notation. In the second part we introduce the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Aiello , J. P. Woerdman

In this paper, we make the case that a scientific theory of deep learning is emerging. By this we mean a theory which characterizes important properties and statistics of the training process, hidden representations, final weights, and…

Statistics and Optimization are foundational to modern Machine Learning. Here, we propose an alternative foundation based on Abstract Algebra, with mathematics that facilitates the analysis of learning. In this approach, the goal of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Fernando Martin-Maroto , Nabil Abderrahaman , David Mendez , Gonzalo G. de Polavieja

Many proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, including various proofs based on the theory of analytic functions of a complex variable, are known. To the best of our knowledge, this proof is different from the existing ones.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-08-09 Bikash Chakraborty

Some notions of algebraic geometry can be defined for arbitrary varieties of algebras. This leads to universal algebraic geometry. The main idea of the presented theory is to consider interactions between algebra, logic and geometry in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Boris Plotkin

In this expositional paper, we discuss commutative algebra -- a study inspired by the properties of integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. In particular, we investigate rings and ideals, and their various properties. After, we…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Marc Maliar

This book is a continuation of the book n-linear algebra of type I and its applications. Most of the properties that could not be derived or defined for n-linear algebra of type I is made possible in this new structure: n-linear algebra of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-02-03 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy , Florentin Smarandache

Linear algebraic primitives are at the core of many modern algorithms in engineering, science, and machine learning. Hence, accelerating these primitives with novel computing hardware would have tremendous economic impact. Quantum computing…

Along with the proliferation of digital data collected using sensor technologies and a boost of computing power, Deep Learning (DL) based approaches have drawn enormous attention in the past decade due to their impressive performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Tong Owen Yang

This chapter opens with a review of classic tools for regression, a subset of machine learning that seeks to find relationships between variables. With the advent of scientific machine learning this field has moved from a purely data-driven…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-02 Miguel A. Mendez

The main goal of statistical learning theory is to provide a fundamental framework for the problem of decision making and model construction based on sets of data. Here, we present a brief introduction to the fundamentals of statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Michael Banf