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The job shop scheduling problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem relevant to manufacturing and timetabling. Traditional approaches use priority dispatching rules based on simple heuristics. Recent work has attempted to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Pablo Ariño Fernández

Relevant combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often NP-hard. While they have been tackled mainly via handcrafted heuristics in the past, advances in neural networks have motivated the development of general methods to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Tim Dernedde , Daniela Thyssens , Sören Dittrich , Maximilian Stubbemann , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Despite the recent advances of graph neural networks (GNNs) in modeling graph data, the training of GNNs on large datasets is notoriously hard due to the overfitting. Adversarial training, which augments data with the worst-case adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Haotian Xue , Kaixiong Zhou , Tianlong Chen , Kai Guo , Xia Hu , Yi Chang , Xin Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) problems are fundamental in online decision-making and have been instrumental in finding an optimal policy for Markov decision processes (MDPs). Function approximations are usually deployed to handle large or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiashuo Jiang , Yiming Zong , Yinyu Ye

While Annealing Machines (AM) have shown increasing capabilities in solving complex combinatorial problems, positioning themselves as a more immediate alternative to the expected advances of future fully quantum solutions, there are still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Pablo Loyola , Kento Hasegawa , Andres Hoyos-Idobro , Kazuo Ono , Toyotaro Suzumura , Yu Hirate , Masanao Yamaoka

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach for solving Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems, such as the 3D Bin Packing Problem (3D-BPP), Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), or Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Han Fang , Paul Weng , Yutong Ban

Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) has emerged as a powerful framework for solving combinatorial optimization problems by integrating deep learning-based models. This work focuses on improving existing inference techniques to enhance…

Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems (DCOPs) are an important subclass of combinatorial optimization problems, where information and controls are distributed among multiple autonomous agents. Previously, Machine Learning (ML) has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yanchen Deng , Shufeng Kong , Bo An

Safety is critical when applying reinforcement learning (RL) to real-world problems. As a result, safe RL has emerged as a fundamental and powerful paradigm for optimizing an agent's policy while incorporating notions of safety. A prevalent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Akifumi Wachi , Xun Shen , Yanan Sui

In the last years, an increasing number of learning-based approaches have been proposed to tackle combinatorial optimization problems such as routing problems. Many of these approaches are based on graph neural networks (GNNs) or related…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Attila Lischka , Filip Rydin , Jiaming Wu , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani , Balázs Kulcsár

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has empowered a variety of artificial intelligence fields, including pattern recognition, robotics, recommendation-systems, and gaming. Similarly, graph neural networks (GNN) have also demonstrated their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Sai Munikoti , Deepesh Agarwal , Laya Das , Mahantesh Halappanavar , Balasubramaniam Natarajan

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been widely used for dynamic algorithm configuration, particularly in evolutionary computation, which benefits from the adaptive update of parameters during the algorithmic execution. However, applying…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Robbert Reijnen , Yaoxin Wu , Zaharah Bukhsh , Yingqian Zhang

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a fundamental NP-hard problem with broad applications in logistics and transportation. Real-world CVRPs often involve diverse objectives and complex constraints, such as time windows or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Wen Wang , Xiangchen Wu , Liang Wang , Hao Hu , Xianping Tao

We explore the impact of learning paradigms on training deep neural networks for the Travelling Salesman Problem. We design controlled experiments to train supervised learning (SL) and reinforcement learning (RL) models on fixed graph sizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Thomas Laurent , Xavier Bresson

Neural Combinatorial Optimization attempts to learn good heuristics for solving a set of problems using Neural Network models and Reinforcement Learning. Recently, its good performance has encouraged many practitioners to develop neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Andoni I. Garmendia , Josu Ceberio , Alexander Mendiburu

Graph mining tasks arise from many different application domains, ranging from social networks, transportation to E-commerce, etc., which have been receiving great attention from the theoretical and algorithmic design communities in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Mingshuo Nie , Dongming Chen , Dongqi Wang

We propose a framework designed to tackle a multi-objective optimization challenge related to the placement of applications in fog computing, employing a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach. Unlike other optimization techniques, such…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Isaac Lera , Carlos Guerrero

Reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly been applied to solve real-world planning problems, with progress in handling large state spaces and time horizons. However, a key bottleneck in many domains is that RL methods cannot accommodate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Lily Xu , Bryan Wilder , Elias B. Khalil , Milind Tambe

Combinatorial Optimisation problems arise in several application domains and are often formulated in terms of graphs. Many of these problems are NP-hard, but exact solutions are not always needed. Several heuristics have been developed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 David Ireland , Giovanni Montana

Graph combinatorial optimization (GCO) has attracted growing interest, as many NP-hard problems naturally admit graph formulations, yet their combinatorial explosion renders exact methods computationally intractable. Recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Franco Terranova , Guillermo Bernardez , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Nina Miolane , Abdelkader Lahmadi