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Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear computational imaging technique that can provide detailed estimates of subsurface geophysical properties. Solving the FWI problem can be challenging due to its ill-posedness and high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Renán Rojas-Gómez , Jihyun Yang , Youzuo Lin , James Theiler , Brendt Wohlberg

We present a technique for reconstructing subsurface velocity model changes from time-lapse seismic survey data using full-waveform inversion (FWI). The technique is based on simultaneously inverting multiple survey vintages, with model…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-09-30 Musa Maharramov , Biondo Biondi

High-resolution seismic reflections are essential for imaging and monitoring applications. In seismic land surveys using sources and receivers at the surface, surface waves often dominate, masking the reflections. In this study, we…

Diffusion models have recently shown promise as powerful generative priors for inverse problems. However, conventional applications require solving the full reverse diffusion process and operating on noisy intermediate states, which poses…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-13 Yuke Xie , Hervé Chauris , Nicolas Desassis

Full waveform inversion (FWI) aims to reconstruct subsurface velocity models from observed seismic wavefields and has recently benefited from advances in deep learning (DL). The performance of DL-based FWI critically depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zekai Guo , Lihui Chai , Ye Li

Full waveform inversion (FWI) commonly stands for the state-of-the-art approach for imaging subsurface structures and physical parameters, however, its implementation usually faces great challenges, such as building a good initial model to…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Jian Sun , Kristopher Innanen

Implicit full waveform inversion (IFWI) introduces implicit neural representations to parameterize the subsurface velocity model as a continuous function of spatial coordinates, which alleviates the dependence on the initial model and…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-05-05 Zefeng Wang , Shijun Cheng , Weijian Mao , Wei Ouyang , Huanhuan Tang

We describe a novel framework for estimating subsurface properties, such as rock permeability and porosity, from time-lapse observed seismic data by coupling full-waveform inversion, subsurface flow processes, and rock physics models. For…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-05-06 Dongzhuo Li , Kailai Xu , Jerry M. Harris , Eric Darve

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a technique widely used in geophysics to obtain high-resolution subsurface velocity models from waveform seismic data. Due to its large computation cost, most flavors of FWI rely only on the computation of…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-03-27 Mustafa Alfarhan , Matteo Ravasi , Fuqiang Chen , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is crucial for reconstructing high-resolution subsurface models, but it is often hindered, considering the limited data, by its null space resulting in low-resolution models, and more importantly, by its…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-10-23 Xinquan Huang , Fu Wang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear iterative seismic imaging technique that, by reducing the misfit between recorded and predicted seismic waveforms, can produce detailed estimates of subsurface geophysical properties.…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-11-22 Vahid Negahdari , Seyed Reza Moghadasi , Mohammad Reza Razvan

Complex salt geometries and strong velocity contrasts pose significant challenges for velocity model building and subsalt imaging. Although full waveform inversion (FWI) provides high-resolution velocity models, its performance strongly…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-30 Siyuan Dong , Jinghuai Gao , Yunduo Li , Zhaoqi Gao , Baohai Wu , Feng Liu

FWI seeks to achieve a high-resolution model of the subsurface through the application of multi-variate optimization to the seismic inverse problem. Although now a mature technology, FWI has limitations related to the choice of the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution subsurface imaging technique, but its effectiveness is limited by challenges such as noise contamination, sparse acquisition, and artifacts from multiparameter coupling. To address these…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-24 Feng Liu , Yaxing Li , Rui Su , Jianping Huang , Lei Bai

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution seismic inversion technique popularly used in oil and gas exploration. Traditional FWI employs the $l_2$ norm measurement to minimize the misfit between observed and predicted seismic data.…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-03 Liangsheng He , Chao Song , Cai Liu

This paper investigates unsupervised learning of Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI), which has been widely used in geophysics to estimate subsurface velocity maps from seismic data. This problem is mathematically formulated by a second order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Peng Jin , Xitong Zhang , Yinpeng Chen , Sharon Xiaolei Huang , Zicheng Liu , Youzuo Lin

Full waveform inversion (FWI) has the potential to provide high-resolution subsurface model estimations. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., regional noise, limited shots or receivers, and band-limited data, it is hard to…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-11-30 Fu Wang , Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) reconstructs high-resolution subsurface models via multi-variate optimization but faces challenges with solver selection and data availability. Deep Learning (DL) offers a promising alternative, bridging…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-27 Christopher Zerafa

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that produces high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between the simulated and observed seismograms. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma

We present a new, variational, fully nonlinear, probabilistic ambient noise tomography method, which estimates subsurface structure and quantifies the corresponding uncertainties directly in three dimensions (3D) from inter-receiver seismic…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Xuebin Zhao , Lily Irvin , Erica Galetti , Andrew Curtis