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Quantum instruments describe both the classical output and the updated quantum state in a measurement process. To do this in a non-trivial way, instruments must have the capability to interact coherently with the state that they measure.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Chung-Yun Hsieh , Armin Tavakoli , Huan-Yu Ku , Paul Skrzypczyk

Quantum resource theory under different classes of quantum operations advances multiperspective understandings of inherent quantum-mechanical properties, such as quantum coherence and quantum entanglement. We establish hierarchies of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Hayata Yamasaki , Madhav Krishnan Vijayan , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

We address the following criterion for quantifying the quantum information resources: classically simulable {\it vs.} classically non-simulable information processing. This approach gives rise to existence of a deeper level of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Dugic

Identifying what quantum-mechanical properties are useful to untap a superior performance in quantum technologies is a pivotal question. Quantum resource theories provide a unified framework to analyze and understand such properties, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-24 Kohdai Kuroiwa , Ryuji Takagi , Gerardo Adesso , Hayata Yamasaki

We provide a complete set of game-theoretic conditions equivalent to the existence of a transformation from one quantum channel into another one, by means of classically correlated pre/post processing maps only. Such conditions naturally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Denis Rosset , Francesco Buscemi , Yeong-Cherng Liang

The optimal rate of reliable communication over a quantum channel can be enhanced by pre-shared entanglement. Whereas the enhancement may be unbounded in infinite-dimensional settings even when the input power is constrained, a…

Several recent results on thermodynamics have been obtained using the tools of quantum information theory and resource theories. So far, the resource theories utilised to describe thermodynamics have assumed the existence of an infinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-16 Carlo Sparaciari , Jonathan Oppenheim , Tobias Fritz

Transmitting data reliably over noisy communication channels is one of the most important applications of information theory, and well understood when the channel is accurately modelled by classical physics. However, when quantum effects…

Quantum complexity is emerging as a key property of many-body systems, including black holes, topological materials, and early quantum computers. A state's complexity quantifies the number of computational gates required to prepare the…

We investigate the conditions under which an uncontrollable background processes may be harnessed by an agent to perform a task that would otherwise be impossible within their operational framework. This situation can be understood from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Graeme D. Berk , Andrew J. P. Garner , Benjamin Yadin , Kavan Modi , Felix A. Pollock

Quantum information theory is the study of the achievable limits of information processing within quantum mechanics. Many different types of information can be accommodated within quantum mechanics, including classical information, coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Nielsen

Among the most fundamental questions in the manipulation of quantum resources such as entanglement is the possibility of reversibly transforming all resource states. The key consequence of this would be the identification of a unique…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Bartosz Regula , Ludovico Lami

Recently, various non-classical properties of quantum states and channels have been characterized through an advantage they provide in specific quantum information tasks over their classical counterparts. Such advantage can be typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 Erkka Haapasalo , Tristan Kraft , Juha-Pekka Pellonpää , Roope Uola

The thermodynamic resourcefulness of quantum channels primarily depends on their underlying causal structure and their ability to generate quantum correlations. We quantify this interplay within the resource theory of athermality for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Himanshu Badhani , Siddhartha Das

Quantum entanglement is widely recognized as one of the key resources for the advantages of quantum information processing, including universal quantum computation, reduction of communication complexity or secret key distribution. However,…

How far can we take the resource theoretic approach to explore physics? Resource theories like LOCC, reference frames and quantum thermodynamics have proven a powerful tool to study how agents who are subject to certain constraints can act…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Lidia del Rio , Lea Kraemer , Renato Renner

The study of free-space quantum communications requires tools from quantum information theory, optics and turbulence theory. Here we combine these tools to bound the ultimate rates for key and entanglement distribution through a free-space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-10 Stefano Pirandola

A fundamental problem in resource theory is to study the manipulation of the resource. Focusing on a general dynamical resource theory of quantum channels, here we consider tasks of one-shot resource distillation and dilution with a single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-07 Xiao Yuan , Pei Zeng , Minbo Gao , Qi Zhao

The capacity of distant parties to send signals to one another is a fundamental requirement in many information-processing tasks. Such ability is determined by the causal structure connecting the parties, and more generally, by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Simon Milz , Jessica Bavaresco , Giulio Chiribella

Although it is well known that the amount of resources that can be asymptotically distilled from a quantum state or channel does not exceed the resource cost needed to produce it, the corresponding relation in the non-asymptotic regime…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Ryuji Takagi , Bartosz Regula , Mark M. Wilde