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Product Quantization (PQ) has long been a mainstream for generating an exponentially large codebook at very low memory/time cost. Despite its success, PQ is still tricky for the decomposition of high-dimensional vector space, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Lianli Gao , Xiaosu Zhu , Jingkuan Song , Zhou Zhao , Heng Tao Shen

Model quantization has emerged as an indispensable technique to accelerate deep learning inference. While researchers continue to push the frontier of quantization algorithms, existing quantization work is often unreproducible and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Yuhang Li , Mingzhu Shen , Jian Ma , Yan Ren , Mingxin Zhao , Qi Zhang , Ruihao Gong , Fengwei Yu , Junjie Yan

Recently, Information Retrieval community has witnessed fast-paced advances in Dense Retrieval (DR), which performs first-stage retrieval with embedding-based search. Despite the impressive ranking performance, previous studies usually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Jingtao Zhan , Jiaxin Mao , Yiqun Liu , Jiafeng Guo , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

Neural network quantization is frequently used to optimize model size, latency and power consumption for on-device deployment of neural networks. In many cases, a target bit-width is set for an entire network, meaning every layer get…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Markus Nagel , Mart van Baalen , Yin Huang , Chirag Patel , Tijmen Blankevoort

Multimodal encoders have pushed the boundaries of visual document retrieval, matching textual query tokens directly to image patches and achieving state-of-the-art performance on public benchmarks. Recent models relying on this paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Omri Uzan , Asaf Yehudai , Roi pony , Eyal Shnarch , Ariel Gera

Low-resource deployment constraints have made model quantization essential for deploying neural networks while preserving performance. Meanwhile, model merging has become an increasingly practical low-resource strategy for integrating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wenjun Wang , Yanggan Gu , Shuo Cai , Yuanyi Wang , Pengkai Wang , Jianmin Wu , Hongxia Yang

Model quantization is challenging due to many tedious hyper-parameters such as precision (bitwidth), dynamic range (minimum and maximum discrete values) and stepsize (interval between discrete values). Unlike prior arts that carefully tune…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Zhang Zhaoyang , Shao Wenqi , Gu Jinwei , Wang Xiaogang , Luo Ping

High memory demands of generative language models have drawn attention to quantization, which reduces computational cost, memory usage, and latency by mapping model weights to lower-precision integers. Approaches such as GPTQ effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Irina Proskurina , Guillaume Metzler , Julien Velcin

Quantization has become a crucial step for the efficient deployment of deep neural networks, where floating point operations are converted to simpler fixed point operations. In its most naive form, it simply consists in a combination of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Approximate $k$-nearest neighbor (AKNN) search is a fundamental problem with wide applications. To reduce memory and accelerate search, vector quantization is widely adopted. However, existing quantization methods either rely on codebooks…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Mingyu Yang , Liuchang Jing , Wentao Li , Wei Wang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) holds the promise in reducing the prohibitive computational cost at inference time. Quantization of all weight, activation and key-value (KV) cache tensors to 4-bit without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Utkarsh Saxena , Sayeh Sharify , Kaushik Roy , Xin Wang

Probabilistic mixture models have been widely used for different machine learning and pattern recognition tasks such as clustering, dimensionality reduction, and classification. In this paper, we focus on trying to solve the most common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Gustavo A Valencia-Zapata , Daniel Mejia , Gerhard Klimeck , Michael Zentner , Okan Ersoy

We present an enriched formulation of the Least Squares (LSQ) regression method for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) using generalised polynomial chaos (gPC). More specifically, we enrich the linear system with additional equations for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-09 Kyriakos D. Kantarakias , George Papadakis

Generative neural image compression supports data representation at extremely low bitrate, synthesizing details at the client and consistently producing highly realistic images. By leveraging the similarities between quantization error and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Lucas Relic , Roberto Azevedo , Yang Zhang , Markus Gross , Christopher Schroers

Contemporary deep learning, characterized by the training of cumbersome neural networks on massive datasets, confronts substantial computational hurdles. To alleviate heavy data storage burdens on limited hardware resources, numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Muquan Li , Dongyang Zhang , Qiang Dong , Xiurui Xie , Ke Qin

Model quantization helps to reduce model size and latency of deep neural networks. Mixed precision quantization is favorable with customized hardwares supporting arithmetic operations at multiple bit-widths to achieve maximum efficiency. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Linjie Yang , Qing Jin

With the increasing deployment of generative machine learning models in privacy-sensitive domains such as healthcare and personalized services, ensuring secure inference has become a critical challenge. Secure multi-party computation (MPC)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Tianpei Lu , Bingsheng Zhang , Lekun Peng , Bowen Zheng , Lichun Li , Kui Ren

We introduce a novel approach to improve unsupervised hashing. Specifically, we propose a very efficient embedding method: Gaussian Mixture Model embedding (Gemb). The proposed method, using Gaussian Mixture Model, embeds feature vector…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Tuan Hoang , Thanh-Toan Do , Dang-Khoa Le Tan , Ngai-Man Cheung

In the field of deep learning, traditional attention mechanisms face significant challenges related to high computational complexity and large memory consumption when processing long sequence data. To address these limitations, we propose…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Jie Kong , Junxiang Zhang , Jiheng Xu , Yalong Li , Shouhua Zhang , Jiehan Zhou , Yuhai Liu , Peng Liang , Quan Zhang , Luohan Jiang

Serving large-scale machine learning (ML) models efficiently and with low latency has become challenging owing to increasing model size and complexity. Quantizing models can simultaneously reduce memory and compute requirements,…

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