English
Related papers

Related papers: Using Metamorphic Relations to Verify and Enhance …

200 papers

With the wide application of machine translation, the testing of Machine Translation Systems (MTSs) has attracted much attention. Recent works apply Metamorphic Testing (MT) to address the oracle problem in MTS testing. Existing MT methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xiaoyuan Xie , Shuo Jin , Songqiang Chen , Shing-Chi Cheung

Metamorphic testing (MT) alleviates the oracle problem by checking metamorphic relations (MRs) across multiple test executions. The fault detection effectiveness of MT is influenced not only by the choice and quality of MRs, but also by how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zenghui Zhou , Pak-Lok Poon , Zheng Zheng , Xiao-Yi Zhang

Metamorphic testing seeks to validate software in the absence of test oracles. Our application domain is ocean modeling, where test oracles often do not exist, but where symmetries of the simulated physical systems are known. In this short…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Dilip J. Hiremath , Martin Claus , Wilhelm Hasselbring , Willi Rath

We have recently witnessed tremendous success of Machine Learning (ML) in practical applications. Computer vision, speech recognition and language translation have all seen a near human level performance. We expect, in the near future, most…

Identifying and selecting high-quality Metamorphic Relations (MRs) is a challenge in Metamorphic Testing (MT). While some techniques for automatically selecting MRs have been proposed, they are either domain-specific or rely on strict…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Alejandra Duque-Torres , Dietmar Pfahl , Claus Klammer , Stefan Fischer

Metamorphic testing (MT) is a widely recognized technique for alleviating the oracle problem in software testing. However, its adoption is hindered by the difficulty of constructing effective metamorphic relations (MRs), which often require…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Congying Xu , Hengcheng Zhu , Songqiang Chen , Jiarong Wu , Valerio Terragni , Shing-Chi Cheung

In software testing, a set of test cases is constructed according to some predefined selection criteria. The software is then examined against these test cases. Three interesting observations have been made on the current artifacts of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-02 T. Y. Chen , S. C. Cheung , S. M. Yiu

Unsupervised machine learning is the training of an artificial intelligence system using information that is neither classified nor labeled, with a view to modeling the underlying structure or distribution in a dataset. Since unsupervised…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Xiaoyuan Xie , Zhiyi Zhang , Tsong Yueh Chen , Yang Liu , Pak-Lok Poon , Baowen Xu

As the laws have become more complicated and enormous, the role of software systems in navigating and understanding these intricacies has become more critical. Given their socio-economic and legally critical implications, ensuring software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Shiva Darian , Ashutosh Trivedi

This paper presents a data-driven framework to improve the trustworthiness of US tax preparation software systems. Given the legal implications of bugs in such software on its users, ensuring compliance and trustworthiness of tax…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Verya Monjezi , Morgan Wagner , Shiva Darian , Krystia Reed , Ashutosh Trivedi

Metamorphic testing is a testing method for problems without test oracles. Integration testing allows for detecting errors in complex systems that may not be found during the testing of their components. In this paper, we propose a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Sofia F. Yakusheva , Anton S. Khritankov

Image captioning (IC) systems, which automatically generate a text description of the salient objects in an image (real or synthetic), have seen great progress over the past few years due to the development of deep neural networks. IC plays…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Boxi Yu , Zhiqing Zhong , Xinran Qin , Jiayi Yao , Yuancheng Wang , Pinjia He

A test oracle determines whether a system behaves correctly for a given input. Automatic testing techniques rely on an automated test oracle to test the system without user interaction. Important families of automated test oracles include…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Manuel Rigger , Zhendong Su

The Image Captioning (IC) technique is widely used to describe images in natural language. Recently, some IC system testing methods have been proposed. However, these methods still rely on pre-annotated information and hence cannot really…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Xiaoyuan Xie , Xingpeng Li , Songqiang Chen

Training multiple-layered deep neural networks (DNNs) is difficult. The standard practice of using a large number of samples for training often does not improve the performance of a DNN to a satisfactory level. Thus, a systematic training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Tsong Yueh Chen , Pak-Lok Poon , Kun Qiu , Zheng Zheng , Jinyi Zhou

Deepfakes utilise Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to create synthetic media where the likeness of one person is replaced with another. There are growing concerns that deepfakes can be maliciously used to create misleading and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Nyee Thoang Lim , Meng Yi Kuan , Muxin Pu , Mei Kuan Lim , Chun Yong Chong

Genetic Algorithms are a popular set of optimization algorithms often used to aid software testing. However, no work has been done to apply systematic software testing techniques to genetic algorithms because of the stochasticity and the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Janette Rounds , Upulee Kanewala

Metamorphic testing is a well known approach to tackle the oracle problem in software testing. This technique requires the use of source test cases that serve as seeds for the generation of follow-up test cases. Systematic design of test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Prashanta Saha , Upulee Kanewala

Machine learning contrasts with traditional software development in that the oracle is the data, and the data is not always a correct representation of the problem that machine learning tries to model. We present a survey of the oracle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Diogo Seca

Machine learning may enable the automated generation of test oracles. We have characterized emerging research in this area through a systematic literature review examining oracle types, researcher goals, the ML techniques applied, how the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Afonso Fontes , Gregory Gay