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Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are powerful tools for modeling sequential data, where the underlying states evolve in a stochastic manner and are only indirectly observable. Traditional HMM approaches are well-established for linear sequences,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Farzan Vafa , Sahand Hormoz

Evaluating node influence is fundamental for identifying key nodes in complex networks. Existing methods typically rely on generic indicators to rank node influence across diverse networks, thereby ignoring the individualized features of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Bingyu Zhu , Qingyun Sun , Jianxin Li , Daqing Li

This paper leverages linear systems theory to propose a principled measure of complexity for network systems. We focus on a network of first-order scalar linear systems interconnected through a directed graph. By locally filtering out the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Giacomo Baggio , Marco Fabris

Modern communication networks are inherently complex in nature. First of all, they have a large number of heterogeneous components. Secondly, their connectivity is extremely dynamic. Nodes can come and go, links can be removed and added…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Bisma S. Khan , Muaz A. Niazi

While the majority of approaches to the characterization of complex networks has relied on measurements considering only the immediate neighborhood of each network node, valuable information about the network topological properties can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Filipi Nascimento Silva

While network science has become an indispensable tool for studying complex systems, the conventional use of pairwise links often shows limitations in describing high-order interactions properly. Hypergraphs, where each edge can connect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-20 Zhao Li , Jing Zhang , Jiqiang Zhang , Guozhong Zheng , Weiran Cai , Li Chen

Congruence theory has many applications in physical, social, biological and technological systems. Congruence arithmetic has been a fundamental tool for data security and computer algebra. However, much less attention was devoted to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-21 Xiao-Yong Yan , Wen-Xu Wang , Guan-Rong Chen , Ding-Hua Shi

Different network models have been suggested for the topology underlying complex interactions in natural systems. These models are aimed at replicating specific statistical features encountered in real-world networks. However, it is rarely…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-06-11 Stefano Cardanobile , Volker Pernice , Moritz Deger , Stefan Rotter

Hypergraphs are widely being employed to represent complex higher-order relations in real-world applications. Most existing research on hypergraph learning focuses on node-level or edge-level tasks. A practically relevant and more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yijia Zheng , Marcel Worring

A complex network is a condensed representation of the relational topological framework of a complex system. A main reason for the existence of such networks is the transmission of items through the entities of these complex systems. Here,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-18 María Pereda , Ernesto Estrada

Adaptive networks are a novel class of dynamical networks whose topologies and states coevolve. Many real-world complex systems can be modeled as adaptive networks, including social networks, transportation networks, neural networks and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Hiroki Sayama , Irene Pestov , Jeffrey Schmidt , Benjamin James Bush , Chun Wong , Junichi Yamanoi , Thilo Gross

In complex networks there are overlapping substructures or "circles" that consist of nodes belonging to multiple cohesive subgroups. Yet the role of these overlapping nodes in influence spreading processes remains underexplored. In the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Kosti Koistinen , Vesa Kuikka , Kimmo Kaski

Motivated by online social networks that are linked together through overlapping users, we study the influence maximization problem on a multiplex, with each layer endowed with its own model of influence diffusion. This problem is a novel…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Alan Kuhnle , Md Abdul Alim , Xiang Li , Huiling Zhang , My T. Thai

This article investigates the performance of grid computing systems whose interconnections are given by random and scale-free complex network models. Regular networks, which are common in parallel computing architectures, are also used as a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Gonzalo Travieso , Carlos Antonio Ruggiero

Network theory provides a rich toolbox consisting of methods, measures, and models for studying the structure and dynamics of complex systems found in nature, society, or technology. Recently, it has been pointed out that many real-world…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-04-07 Marc Wiedermann , Jonathan F. Donges , Jobst Heitzig , Jürgen Kurths

Network embedding has recently attracted lots of attentions in data mining. Existing network embedding methods mainly focus on networks with pairwise relationships. In real world, however, the relationships among data points could go beyond…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Ke Tu , Peng Cui , Xiao Wang , Fei Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Spatial dependency and spatial embedding are basic physical properties of many phenomena modeled by networks. The most indicated computational environment to deal with spatial information is to use Georeferenced Information System (GIS) and…

Networked structures arise in a wide array of different contexts such as technological and transportation infrastructures, social phenomena, and biological systems. These highly interconnected systems have recently been the focus of a great…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alain Barrat , Marc Barthelemy , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

An emerging trend in deep learning research focuses on the applications of graph neural networks (GNNs) for mesh-based continuum mechanics simulations. Most of these learning frameworks operate on graphs wherein each edge connects two…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-08 Rui Gao , Indu Kant Deo , Rajeev K. Jaiman

Complex networks are a powerful modeling tool, allowing the study of countless real-world systems. They have been used in very different domains such as computer science, biology, sociology, management, etc. Authors have been trying to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-02-04 Burcu Kantarcı , Vincent Labatut