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In Part I of this paper we have introduced the closed-form conditions for guaranteeing regional frequency stability in a power system. Here we propose a methodology to represent these conditions in the form of linear constraints and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-15 Luis Badesa , Fei Teng , Goran Strbac

As the penetration level of distributed energy resources (DERs) continues to rise, traditional frequency and voltage support from synchronous machines declines. This weakens grid stability and increases the need for fast and adaptive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-06 Yan Tong , Qin Wang , Sihao Chen , Xue Hu , Zhaoyuan Wu

Wind farm flow control aims to improve wind turbine performance by reducing aerodynamic wake interaction between turbines. Dynamic, physics-based models of wind farm flows have been essential for exploring control strategies such as wake…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-15 Maarten J. van den Broek , Delphine De Tavernier , Benjamin Sanderse , Jan-Willem van Wingerden

This paper discusses a framework to design elements of the plant and control systems for floating offshore wind turbines in an integrated manner using linear parameter-varying models. Multiple linearized models derived from aeroelastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Athul Krishna Sundarrajan , Yong Hoon Lee , James T Allison , Daniel Zalkind , Daniel Herber

Turbine wake and local blockage effects are known to alter wind farm power production in two different ways: (1) by changing the wind speed locally in front of each turbine; and (2) by changing the overall flow resistance in the farm and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-05 Andrew Kirby , François-Xavier Briol , Thomas D. Dunstan , Takafumi Nishino

Grid-forming inverter-based autonomous microgrids present new operational challenges as the stabilizing rotational inertia of synchronous machines is absent. The design of efficient control policies for grid-forming inverters is, however, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Yemi Ojo , Jeremy D. Watson , Khaled Laib , Ioannis Lestas

We propose a framework to engineer synthetic-inertia and droop-control parameters for distributed energy resources (DERs) so that the system frequency in a network composed of DERs and synchronous generators conforms to prescribed transient…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Swaroop S. Guggilam , Changhong Zhao , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Yu Christine Chen , Sairaj V. Dhople

In 2017, Energinet and TenneT, the Danish and Dutch Transmission System Operators (TSOs), have announced the North Sea Wind Power Hub (NSWPH) project. The project aims at increasing by 36 GW the North Sea offshore wind capacity, with an…

Modular batteries can be aggregated to deliver frequency regulation services for power grids. Although utilizing the idle capacity of battery modules is financially attractive, it remains challenging to consider the heterogeneous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Yutong He , Guangchun Ruan , Haiwang Zhong

This letter determines the nonlinear stability boundary of a wind power plant (WPP) connected to an AC power grid via a long HVAC cable. The analysis focuses on the slow Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) dynamics, with an assumption that the fast…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Sujay Ghosh , Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh , Guangya Yang , Lukasz Kocewiak

Wind turbines located in wind farms are operated to maximize only their own power production. Individual operation results in wake losses that reduce farm energy. In this study, we operate a wind turbine array collectively to maximize total…

Improving wind turbine efficiency is essential for reducing the costs of energy production. The highly nonlinear dynamics of the wind turbines and their uncertain operating conditions have posed many challenges for their control methods. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Ammar Al-Jodah , Marwah Alwan

This paper presents an improved droop control method to ensure effective power sharing, voltage regulation, and frequency stabilization of inverter-based resources (IBRs) connected in parallel in an islanded AC microgrid. In the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-31 Ayobami Olajube , Koto Omiloli , Satish Vedula , Olugbenga Anubi

Low-fidelity analytical models of turbine wakes have traditionally been used for wind farm planning, performance evaluation, and demonstrating the utility of advanced control algorithms in increasing the annual energy production. In…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-26 Aditya H. Bhatt , Federico Bernardoni , Stefano Leonardi , Armin Zare

Different machine learning (ML) models are trained on SCADA and meteorological data collected at an onshore wind farm and then assessed in terms of fidelity and accuracy for predictions of wind speed, turbulence intensity, and power capture…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-06 C. Moss , R. Maulik , G. V. Iungo

Wind energy is an integral part of nowadays energy supply and one of the fastest growing sources of electricity in the world today. Accurate models for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) are of key interest for the analysis and control…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Christoph M. Hackl , Martin Pfeifer , Korbinian Schechner , Pol Jané-Soneira , Sören Hohmann

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Frank Lemmer , Wei Yu , Kolja Müller , Po Wen Cheng

This paper addresses the problem of controlling a variable-speed wind turbine with a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG), modeled as an electromechanically-coupled nonlinear system with rotor voltages and blade pitch angle as its inputs,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-08-10 Yi Guo , S. Hossein Hosseini , John N. Jiang , Choon Yik Tang , Rama G. Ramakumar

Despite substantial growth in wind energy technology in recent decades, aerodynamic modeling of wind turbines relies on momentum models derived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which are well-known to break down under flow regimes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-19 Jaime Liew , Kirby S. Heck , Michael F. Howland

The expansion of inverter-connected generation facilities (i.e. wind and photovoltaics) and the removal of conventional power plants is necessary to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Whereas conventional generation with large rotating…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-01-20 Philipp C. Böttcher , Andreas Otto , Stefan Kettemann , Carsten Agert