Related papers: Nonequilibrium Time Reversibility with Maps and Wa…
Abstract: Models for studying systems in stationary states but out of equilibrium have often empirical nature and very often break the fundamental time reversal symmetry. Here a formal interpretation will be discussed of the widespread idea…
We consider a quantum Universe composed by a small system S and a large environment. It has been demonstrated that, for the vast majority of randomly chosen wave-functions of the Universe satisfying a total energy constraint, the reduced…
The irreversibility of trajectories in stochastic dynamical systems is linked to the structure of their causal representation in terms of Bayesian networks. We consider stochastic maps resulting from a time discretization with interval \tau…
Quantum effects arising from manifestly broken time-reversal symmetry are investigated using time-dependent perturbation theory in a simple model. The forward time and the backward time Hamiltonians are taken to be different and hence the…
It is shown that the irreversible behavior of classical systems of interacting particles is a common property for both few-body and many-body systems. It is due to the delay in the interactions between the particles. PACS: 45.50.Jf Few- and…
The variational calculation of the two-electron reduced density matrix (2-RDM) is extended to periodic molecular systems. If the 2-RDM theory is extended to the periodic case without consideration of time-reversal symmetry, however, it can…
What is the probability that all the gas in a box accumulates in the same half of this box? Though amusing, this question underlies the fundamental problem of density fluctuations at equilibrium, which has profound implementations in many…
We use simple models (the Ising model in one and two dimensions, and the spherical model in arbitrary dimension) to put to the test some recent ideas on the slow dynamics of nonequilibrium systems. In this review the focus is on the…
Parrondo's paradox, a counterintuitive phenomenon where two losing strategies combine to produce a winning outcome, has been a subject of interest across various scientific fields, including quantum mechanics. In this study, we investigate…
The reversibility and recurrence paradoxes are key issues that have been left unsolved in researches on the foundation of thermodynamics since the 19th century. This article shows that (1) the reversibility paradox can be overcome if we pay…
Classical random walks and Markov processes are easily described by Hopf algebras. It is also known that groups and Hopf algebras (quantum groups) lead to classical and quantum diffusions. We study here the more primitive notion of a…
A general nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory is developed for time-dependent Langevin dynamics, starting from the common definition of nonequilibrium Gibbs entropy. It is shown that the notations appearing in the First and the Second Law…
We propose a novel chaos indicator -- time-reversed Shannon entropy (TRSE) -- that leverages the interplay between time-reversal symmetry breaking and information entropy in curved spacetimes. By quantifying statistical discrepancies…
We consider a situation when evolution of an entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair takes place in a regime of quantum chaos being chaotic in the classical limit. This situation is studied on an example of chaotic pair dynamics…
We first formulate an inverse problem for a linear fractional Lam\'e system. We determine the Lam\'e parameters from exterior partial measurements of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. We further study an inverse obstacle problem as well as an…
We formulate Grover's unstructured search algorithm as a chiral quantum walk, where transitioning in one direction has a phase conjugate to transitioning in the opposite direction. For small phases, this breaking of time-reversal symmetry…
Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics exhibit a variety of complex phenomena far from equilibrium. It inherits challenges of equilibrium, including accurately describing the joint distribution of a large number of configurations, and also…
Microphysical laws are time reversible, but macrophysics, chemistry and biology are not. This chapter explores how this asymmetry (a classic example of a broken symmetry) arises due to the cosmological context, where a non-local Direction…
The deterministic and time-reversal symmetric dynamics of isolated quantum systems is at odds with irreversible equilibration observed in generic thermodynamic systems. Standard approaches at a reconciliation employ subjective restrictions…
Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally…