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In this paper we further develop the theory of matrices over the extended tropical semiring. Introducing a notion of tropical linear dependence allows for a natural definition of matrix rank in a sense that coincides with the notions of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2008-09-22 Zur Izhakian

We develop a functorial framework for the ideal theory of commutative semirings using coherent frames and spectral spaces. Two central constructions-the radical ideal functor and the $k$-radical ideal functor-are shown to yield coherent…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Pronay Biswas , Amartya Goswami , Sujit Kumar Sardar

This paper lays out a foundation for a theory of supertropical algebraic geometry, relying on commutative $\nu$-algebra. To this end, the paper introduces $\mathfrak{q}$-congruences, carried over $\nu$-semirings, whose distinguished ghost…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Zur Izhakian

Whereas for a substantial part, Finite Geometry during the past 50 years has focussed on geometries over finite fields, geometries over finite rings that are not division rings have got less attention. Nevertheless, several important…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Dirk Keppens

These notes outline some basic notions of Tropical Geometry and survey some of its applications for problems in classical (real and complex) geometry. To appear in the Proceedings of the Madrid ICM.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Grigory Mikhalkin

In this paper we review some of the main achievements of the semiring-theoretic approach to MV-algebras initiated and pursued mainly by the present authors and their collaborators. The survey focuses mainly on the connections between…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-10-29 Antonio Di Nola , Ciro Russo

Projective metrics on vector spaces over finite fields, introduced by Gabidulin and Simonis in 1997, generalize classical metrics in coding theory like the Hamming metric, rank metric, and combinatorial metrics. While these specific metrics…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Gabor Riccardi , Hugo Sauerbier Couvée

In 2019, V. A. Roman'kov introduced the concept of marginal sets for groups. He developed a theory of marginal sets and demonstrated how these sets can be applied to improve some key exchange schemes. In this paper, we extend his ideas and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 I. Buchinskiy , M. Kotov , A. Ponmaheshkumar , R. Perumal

We survey theory developed over the past 10 years of semirings which need not be additively cancellative. The main feature is a specified ``null ideal'' $\mcA_0$ of a semiring $\mcA,$ taking the place of a zero element, which permits…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Louis Halle Rowen

We develop the representation theory of a finite semigroup over an arbitrary commutative semiring with unit, in particular classifying the irreducible and minimal representations. The results for an arbitrary semiring are as good as the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-04-13 Zur Izhakian , John Rhodes , Benjamin Steinberg

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new family of semigroups - the free projection-generated regular $*$-semigroups - and initiate their systematic study. Such a semigroup $PG(P)$ is constructed from a projection algebra $P$, using…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-11 James East , Robert D. Gray , P. A. Azeef Muhammed , Nik Ruškuc

A semiring generalises the notion of a ring, replacing the additive abelian group structure with that of a commutative monoid. In this paper, we study a notion positioned between a ring and a semiring -- a semiring whose additive monoid is…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Peter F. Faul , Amartya Goswami , Gideo Joubert , Graham Manuell

We develop some foundations for the theory of formal derived algebraic geometry, which parallel the theory of formal spectral algebraic geometry by Jacob Lurie. For this, we establish a close connection between algebro-geometric objects in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Chang-Yeon Chough

We prove that applying a projective functor to a holonomic simple module over a semi-simple finite dimensional complex Lie algebra produces a module that has an essential semi-simple submodule of finite length. This implies that holonomic…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-29 Marco Mackaay , Volodymyr Mazorchuk , Vanessa Miemietz

Tropical geometry is a piecewise linear "shadow" of algebraic geometry. It allows for the computation of several cohomological invariants of an algebraic variety. In particular, its application to enumerative algebraic geometry led to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Florian Block

This is a survey on an analogue of tropical convexity developed over the max-min semiring, starting with the descriptions of max-min segments, semispaces, hyperplanes and an account of separation and non-separation results based on…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Viorel Nitica , Sergei Sergeev

The literature in persistent homology often refers to a "structure theorem for finitely generated graded modules over a graded principal ideal domain". We clarify the nature of this structure theorem in this context.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Clara Loeh

Curve singularities are classical objects of study in algebraic geometry. The key player in their combinatorial structure is the {\it value semigroup}, or its compactification, the {\it value semiring}. One natural problem is to explicitly…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Ethan Cotterill , Cristhian Garay López

We study the subgroup structure of the semigroup of finitary tropical matrices under multiplication. We show that every maximal subgroup is isomorphic to the full linear automorphism group of a related tropical polytope, and that each of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Zur Izhakian , Marianne Johnson , Mark Kambites

Finite projective (lattice) geometries defined over rings instead of fields have recently been recognized to be of great importance for quantum information theory. We believe that there is much more potential hidden in these geometries to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-01-13 Metod Saniga , Petr Pracna