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We present a family of algorithms to solve random planted instances of any $k$-ary Boolean constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). A randomly planted instance of a Boolean CSP is generated by (1) choosing an arbitrary planted assignment…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Arpon Basu , Jun-Ting Hsieh , Andrew D. Lin , Peter Manohar

The distribution of overlaps of solutions of a random CSP is an indicator of the overall geometry of its solution space. For random $k$-SAT, nonrigorous methods from Statistical Physics support the validity of the ``one step replica…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gabriel Istrate

The study of random landscapes has long relied on counting stationary points: metastable states and the barriers between them. However, this method is useless for describing flat regions, common in constraint satisfaction problems. We…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-16 Jaron Kent-Dobias

We study the set of solutions of random k-satisfiability formulae through the cavity method. It is known that, for an interval of the clause-to-variables ratio, this decomposes into an exponential number of pure states (clusters). We refine…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Andrea Montanari , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi , Guilhem Semerjian

We study the complexity of the Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problem (DCSP) on a synchronous, anonymous network from a theoretical standpoint. In this setting, variables and constraints are controlled by agents which communicate with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Silvia Butti , Victor Dalmau

Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a fundamental algorithmic problem that appears in many areas of Computer Science. It can be equivalently stated as computing a homomorphism $\mbox{$\bR \rightarrow \bGamma$}$ between two relational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Michal Rolinek , Rustem Takhanov

Constraint satisfaction problems have been studied in numerous fields with practical and theoretical interests. In recent years, major breakthroughs have been made in a study of counting constraint satisfaction problems (or #CSPs). In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-23 Tomoyuki Yamakami

This paper introduces an approach for learning to solve continuous constraint satisfaction problems (CCSP) in robotic reasoning and planning. Previous methods primarily rely on hand-engineering or learning generators for specific constraint…

Random constraint satisfaction problems are interesting model systems for spin-glasses and glassy dynamics studies. As the constraint density of such a system reaches certain threshold value, its solution space may split into extremely many…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-14 Haijun Zhou

We study the entropy landscape of solutions for the bicoloring problem in random graphs, a representative difficult constraint satisfaction problem. Our goal is to classify which type of clusters of solutions are addressed by different…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Dall'Asta , A. Ramezanpour , R. Zecchina

We study a simple and exactly solvable model for the generation of random satisfiability problems. These consist of $\gamma N$ random boolean constraints which are to be satisfied simultaneously by $N$ logical variables. In…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Ricci-Tersenghi , M. Weigt , R. Zecchina

Random instances of constraint satisfaction problems such as k-SAT provide challenging benchmarks. If there are m constraints over n variables there is typically a large range of densities r=m/n where solutions are known to exist with…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-11-13 Amin Coja-Oghlan

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are a class of problems that are ubiquitous in science and engineering. It features a collection of constraints specified over subsets of variables. A CSP can be solved either directly or by reducing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Xuanzhao Gao , Xiaofeng Li , Jinguo Liu

Problems arise when using reward functions to capture dependencies between sequential time-constrained goal states because the state-space must be prohibitively expanded to accommodate a history of successfully achieved sub-goals. Also,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Thomas J. Ringstrom , Paul R. Schrater

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) on a relational structure B is to decide, given a set of constraints on variables where the relations come from B, whether or not there is a assignment to the variables satisfying all of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Hubie Chen

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) framework offers a simple and sound basis for representing and solving simple decision problems, without uncertainty. This paper is devoted to an extension of the CSP framework enabling us to deal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Helene Fargier , Jerome Lang , Roger Martin-Clouaire , Thomas Schiex

For a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), a robust satisfaction algorithm is one that outputs an assignment satisfying most of the constraints on instances that are near-satisfiable. It is known that the CSPs that admit efficient robust…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Sai Sandeep

We present a Transformer-based framework for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). CSPs find use in many applications and thus accelerating their solution with machine learning is of wide interest. Most existing approaches rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yudong W. Xu , Wenhao Li , Scott Sanner , Elias B. Khalil

The solution-space structure of the 3-Satisfiability Problem (3-SAT) is studied as a function of the control parameter alpha (ratio of number of clauses to the number of variables) using numerical simulations. For this purpose, one has to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-18 Alexander Mann , A. K. Hartmann

In the last two decades the study of random instances of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) has flourished across several disciplines, including computer science, mathematics and physics. The diversity of the developed methods, on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Konstantinos Panagiotou , Matija Pasch