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Properly colored cycles in edge-colored graphs are closely related to directed cycles in oriented graphs. As an analogy of the well-known Caccetta-H\"{a}ggkvist Conjecture, we study the existence of properly colored cycles of bounded length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Laihao Ding , Jie Hu , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang

Let $H=(V(H),E(H))$ be a graph. A $k$-coloring of $H$ is a mapping $\pi : V(H) \longrightarrow \{1,2,\ldots, k\}$ so that each color class induces a $K_2$-free subgraph. For a graph $G$ of order at least $2$, a $G$-free $k$-coloring of $H$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-21 Yaser Rowshan

A vertex-coloring of a hypergraph is conflict-free, if each edge contains a vertex whose color is not repeated on any other vertex of that edge. Let $f(r, \Delta)$ be the smallest integer $k$ such that each $r$-uniform hypergraph of maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-06 Maria Axenovich , Jonathan Rollin

The Hadwiger number h(G) of a graph G is the maximum size of a complete minor of G. Hadwiger's Conjecture states that h(G) >= \chi(G). Since \chi(G) \alpha(G) >= |V(G)|, Hadwiger's Conjecture implies that \alpha(G) h(G) >= |V(G)|. We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-14 Jozsef Balogh , John Lenz , Hehui Wu

A drawing of a graph on a surface is independently even if every pair of nonadjacent edges in the drawing crosses an even number of times. The $\mathbb{Z}_2$-genus of a graph $G$ is the minimum $g$ such that $G$ has an independently even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-03 Radoslav Fulek , Jan Kynčl

Erd\H{o}s, Pach, Pollack and Tuza [J. Combin. Theory, B 47, (1989), 279-285] conjectured that the diameter of a $K_{2r}$-free connected graph of order $n$ and minimum degree $\delta\geq 2$ is at most $\frac{2(r-1)(3r+2)}{(2r^2-1)}\cdot…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Éva Czabarka , Inne Singgih , László A. Székely

In 2012, L\'ev\^eque, Maffray, and Trotignon conjectured that each graph $G$ that contains no induced subdivision of $K_4$ is $4$-colorable. In this paper, we prove that this conjecture holds when $G$ contains a $K_{1,2,3}$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Rong Chen

Motivated by recent work on majority edge-colourings of graphs, we initiate the study of the corresponding problem for hypergraphs. First, sharpening the probabilistic argument by a $KL$ large-deviation estimate, we obtain a sufficient…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Jiangdong Ai , Feiyu Nan

Dirac introduced the notion of a k-critical graph, a graph that is not (k-1)-colorable but whose every proper subgraph is (k-1)-colorable. Brook's Theorem states that every graph with maximum degree k is k-colorable unless it contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-18 Luke Postle

We investigate the effect of a fixed forbidden clique minor upon the strong chromatic index, both in multigraphs and in simple graphs. We conjecture for each $k\ge 4$ that any $K_k$-minor-free multigraph of maximum degree $\Delta$ has…

We prove that for every integer $t\ge 1$ there exists a constant $c_t$ such that for every $K_t$-minor-free graph $G$, and every set $S$ of balls in $G$, the minimum size of a set of vertices of $G$ intersecting all the balls of $S$ is at…

A graph $G$ arrows a graph $H$ if in every $2$-edge-coloring of $G$ there exists a monochromatic copy of $H$. Schelp had the idea that if the complete graph $K_n$ arrows a small graph $H$, then every "dense" subgraph of $K_n$ also arrows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-26 József Balogh , Alexandr Kostochka , Mikhail Lavrov , Xujun Liu

Odd coloring is a proper coloring with an additional restriction that every non-isolated vertex has some color that appears an odd number of times in its neighborhood. The minimum number of colors $k$ that can ensure an odd coloring of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Fangyu Tian , Yuxue Yin

Let $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. For a subset $M$ of $E(G)$, we denote by $G[V(M)]$ the subgraph of $G$ induced by the endvertices of edges in $M$. We call $M$ a semistrong matching if each edge of $M$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Yuquan Lin , Wensong Lin

Hajnal and Szemer\'{e}di proved that if $G$ is a finite graph with maximum degree $\Delta$, then for every integer $k \geqslant \Delta+1$, $G$ has a proper coloring with $k$ colors in which every two color classes differ in size at most by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Anton Bernshteyn , Clinton T. Conley

Let $K_p$ be a complete graph of order $p\geq 2$. A $K_p$-free $k$-coloring of a graph $H$ is a partition of $V(H)$ into $V_1, V_2\ldots,V_k$ such that $H[V_i]$ does not contain $K_p$ for each $i\leq k $. In 1977 Borodin and Kostochka…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Yaser Rowshan , Ali Taherkhani

In 1880, P. G. Tait showed that the four colour theorem is equivalent to the assertion that every 3-regular planar graph without cut-edges is 3-edge-colourable, and in 1891, J. Petersen proved that every 3-regular graph with at most two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-18 Ortho Flint , Stuart Rankin

A vertex of a graph is bisimplicial if the set of its neighbors is the union of two cliques; a graph is quasi-line if every vertex is bisimplicial. A recent result of Chudnovsky and Seymour asserts that every non-empty even-hole-free graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-24 Zi-Xia Song

In this work we show that, for any fixed d, random d-regular graphs asymptotically almost surely can be coloured with k colours, where k is the smallest integer satisfying d<2(k-1)log(k-1). From previous lower bounds due to Molloy and Reed,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-12-17 Graeme Kemkes , Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Nicholas Wormald

We show that there is a constant $C$ such that for every $\varepsilon>0$ any $2$-coloured $K_n$ with minimum degree at least $n/4+\varepsilon n$ in both colours contains a complete subgraph on $2t$ vertices where one colour class forms a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-04 António Girão , David Munhá Correia