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This paper investigates the controllability of a broad class of recurrent neural networks widely used in theoretical neuroscience, including models of large-scale human brain dynamics. Motivated by emerging applications in non-invasive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Cyprien Tamekue , Ruiqi Chen , ShiNung Ching

Bio-inspired neuromorphic hardware is a research direction to approach brain's computational power and energy efficiency. Spiking neural networks (SNN) encode information as sparsely distributed spike trains and employ…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Haowem Fang , Amar Shrestha , De Ma , Qinru Qiu

In many modern AI chips and multicore systems-on-chip, embedded applications exhibit predictable inter-core traffic behavior that can be characterized at design time. For such applications, a variety of design-time traffic management and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Meysam Zaeemi , Mehdi Modarressi

Network-on-Chips (NoCs) have been widely employed in the design of multiprocessor system-on-chips (MPSoCs) as a scalable communication solution. NoCs enable communications between on-chip Intellectual Property (IP) cores and allow those…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Simran Preet Kaur , Manojit Ghose , Ananya Pathak , Rutuja Patole

With relentless CMOS technology downsizing Networks-on-Chips (NoCs) are inescapably experiencing escalating susceptibility to wearout and reduced reliability. While faults in processors and memories may be masked via redundancy, or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Costas Iordanou , Vassos Soteriou , Konstantinos Aisopos

Networks of superconducting optoelectronic neurons are investigated for their near-term technological potential and long-term physical limitations. Networks with short average path length, high clustering coefficient, and power-law degree…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Jeffrey M. Shainline , Jeff Chiles , Sonia M. Buckley , Adam N. McCaughan , Richard P. Mirin , Sae Woo Nam

A key challenge in on-chip interconnect design is to scale up bandwidth while maintaining low latency and high area efficiency. 2D-meshes scale with low wiring area and congestion overhead; however, their end-to-end latency increases with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yichao Zhang , Zexin Fu , Tim Fischer , Yinrong Li , Marco Bertuletti , Luca Benini

Datacenter network design plays a critical role in AI training by supporting scaling to thousands of accelerators. An open problem, designing a near-optimal throughput oriented network-topology, routing, and collectives-has not been…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Conor James Green , Mithuna Thottethodi

The Scaling of microchip technologies, from micron to submicron and now to deep sub-micron (DSM) range, has enabled large scale systems-on-chip (SoC). In future deep submicron (DSM) designs, the interconnect effect will definitely dominate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-03-20 Ahmed H. M. Soliman , E. M. Saad , M. El-Bably , Hesham M. A. M. Keshk

Wireless Network-on-Chip (WNoC) appears as a promising alternative to conventional interconnect fabrics for chip-scale communications. WNoC takes advantage of an overlaid network composed by a set of millimeter-wave antennas to reduce…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Xavier Timoneda , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Dionysios Manessis , Eduard Alarcón , Sergi Abadal

Networks-on-Chips (NoCs) recently became widely used, from multi-core CPUs to edge-AI accelerators. Emulation on FPGAs promises to accelerate their RTL modeling compared to slow simulations. However, realistic test stimuli are challenging…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Yee Yang Tan , Felix Staudigl , Lukas Jünger , Anna Drewes , Rainer Leupers , Jan Moritz Joseph

Node-link diagrams are widely used to visualise networks. However, even the best network layout algorithms ultimately result in 'hairball' visualisations when the graph reaches a certain degree of complexity, requiring simplification…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Vahan Yoghourdjian , Yalong Yang , Tim Dwyer , Lee Lawrence , Michael Wybrow , Kim Marriott

A novel over-the-air machine learning framework over multi-hop multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) networks is proposed. The core idea is to imitate fully connected (FC) neural network layers using multiple MIMO channels by carefully…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-02 Chenghong Bian , Meng Hua , Deniz Gunduz

Deployment of deep neural networks for applications that require very high throughput or extremely low latency is a severe computational challenge, further exacerbated by inefficiencies in mapping the computation to hardware. We present a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-08 Yaman Umuroglu , Yash Akhauri , Nicholas J. Fraser , Michaela Blott

The Hopfield network model and its generalizations were introduced as a model of associative, or content-addressable, memory. They were widely investigated both as an unsupervised learning method in artificial intelligence and as a model of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-10 Marco Cafiso , Paolo Paradisi

Networks are useful for describing systems of interacting objects, where the nodes represent the objects and the edges represent the interactions between them. The applications include chemical and metabolic systems, food webs as well as…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-20 Baruch Barzel , Ofer Biham

Most of the Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) defined in the literature have a common theme: they are based on regular grids with a Moore neighborhood (one-hop neighbour). They do not take into account long-range connections and more complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Léo Pio-Lopez , Benedikt Hartl , Michael Levin

Existing prompting paradigms structure LLM reasoning in limited topologies: Chain-of-Thought (CoT) produces linear traces, while Tree-of-Thought (ToT) performs branching search. Yet complex reasoning often requires merging intermediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Fan Huang

The BrainScaleS-2 SoC integrates analog neuron and synapse circuits with digital periphery, including two CPUs with SIMD extensions. Each ASIC is connected to a Node-FPGA, providing experiment control and Ethernet connectivity. This work…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Joscha Ilmberger , Johannes Schemmel

We propose a method of generating different scale-free networks, which has several input parameters in order to adjust the structure, so that they can serve as a basis for computer simulation of real-world phenomena. The topological…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-01-30 Imre Varga , András Németh , Gergely Kocsis