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Deep learning models face persistent challenges in training, particularly due to internal covariate shift and label shift. While single-mode normalization methods like Batch Normalization partially address these issues, they are constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah , Djamel Bouchaffra

A significant advance in accelerating neural network training has been the development of normalization methods, permitting the training of deep models both faster and with better accuracy. These advances come with practical challenges: for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jasmine Collins , Johannes Balle , Jonathon Shlens

Batch normalization was introduced in 2015 to speed up training of deep convolution networks by normalizing the activations across the current batch to have zero mean and unity variance. The results presented here show an interesting aspect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Mohamed Hajaj , Duncan Gillies

A key component of most neural network architectures is the use of normalization layers, such as Batch Normalization. Despite its common use and large utility in optimizing deep architectures, it has been challenging both to generically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Cecilia Summers , Michael J. Dinneen

Despite the significant success of deep learning in computer vision tasks, cross-domain tasks still present a challenge in which the model's performance will degrade when the training set and the test set follow different distributions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Lei Qi , Dongjia Zhao , Yinghuan Shi , Xin Geng

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are difficult to train, and suffer from drop of accuracy. It appears in practice that BNNs fail to train in the absence of Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) layer. We find the main role of BatchNorm is to avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Eyyüb Sari , Mouloud Belbahri , Vahid Partovi Nia

Background: Deep learning models are typically trained using stochastic gradient descent or one of its variants. These methods update the weights using their gradient, estimated from a small fraction of the training data. It has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-03 Elad Hoffer , Itay Hubara , Daniel Soudry

Batch Normalization (BN) is a core and prevalent technique in accelerating the training of deep neural networks and improving the generalization on Computer Vision (CV) tasks. However, it fails to defend its position in Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Jiaxi Wang , Ji Wu , Lei Huang

Deep convolutional neural networks are known to be unstable during training at high learning rate unless normalization techniques are employed. Normalizing weights or activations allows the use of higher learning rates, resulting in faster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Brendan Ruff , Taylor Beck , Joscha Bach

Online Normalization is a new technique for normalizing the hidden activations of a neural network. Like Batch Normalization, it normalizes the sample dimension. While Online Normalization does not use batches, it is as accurate as Batch…

Batch Normalization (BN) has played a pivotal role in the success of deep learning by improving training stability, mitigating overfitting, and enabling more effective optimization. However, its adoption in deep reinforcement learning (DRL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Li Wang , Sudun , Xingjian Zhang , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Deep neural networks often suffer the data distribution shift between training and testing, and the batch statistics are observed to reflect the shift. In this paper, targeting of alleviating distribution shift in test time, we revisit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Tao Yang , Shenglong Zhou , Yuwang Wang , Yan Lu , Nanning Zheng

Over the past few years, Batch-Normalization has been commonly used in deep networks, allowing faster training and high performance for a wide variety of applications. However, the reasons behind its merits remained unanswered, with several…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-08 Elad Hoffer , Ron Banner , Itay Golan , Daniel Soudry

Batch Normalization (BN) is widely used to stabilize the optimization process and improve the test performance of deep neural networks. The regularization effect of BN depends on the batch size and explicitly using smaller batch sizes with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Atli Kosson , Dongyang Fan , Martin Jaggi

Batch normalization has been widely used to improve optimization in deep neural networks. While the uncertainty in batch statistics can act as a regularizer, using these dataset statistics specific to the training set impairs generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Vincent Michalski , Vikram Voleti , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou , Anthony Ortiz , Pascal Vincent , Chris Pal , Doina Precup

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown unprecedented success in various computer vision applications such as image classification and object detection. However, it is still a common annoyance during the training phase, that one has to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Yanghao Li , Naiyan Wang , Jianping Shi , Jiaying Liu , Xiaodi Hou

Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) is a technique that improves the training of deep neural networks, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). It has been empirically demonstrated that BatchNorm increases performance, stability, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yashna Peerthum , Mark Stamp

Adapting a model to perform well on unforeseen data outside its training set is a common problem that continues to motivate new approaches. We demonstrate that application of batch normalization in the output layer, prior to softmax…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Matthew R. Behrend , Sean M. Robinson

Normalization techniques have only recently begun to be exploited in supervised learning tasks. Batch normalization exploits mini-batch statistics to normalize the activations. This was shown to speed up training and result in better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Mengye Ren , Renjie Liao , Raquel Urtasun , Fabian H. Sinz , Richard S. Zemel

Batch Normalization (BN) is extensively employed in various network architectures by performing standardization within mini-batches. A full understanding of the process has been a central target in the deep learning communities. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Lei Huang , Lei Zhao , Yi Zhou , Fan Zhu , Li Liu , Ling Shao