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In the Mathur-Mukhi-Sen (MMS) classification scheme for rational conformal field theories (RCFTs), a RCFT is identified by a pair of non-negative integers $\mathbf{[n, \ell]}$, with $\mathbf{n}$ being the number of characters and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-03 Chethan N. Gowdigere , Sachin Kala , Jagannath Santara

The classification scheme for rational conformal field theories, given by the Mathur-Mukhi-Sen (MMS) program, identifies a rational conformal field theory by two numbers: $(n, l)$. $n$ is the number of characters of the rational conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-19 Arpit Das , Chethan N. Gowdigere , Jagannath Santara

We investigate the admissible vector-valued modular forms having three independent characters and vanishing Wronskian index and determine which ones correspond to genuine 2d conformal field theories. This is done by finding bilinear…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-04 Arpit Das , Chethan N. Gowdigere , Sunil Mukhi

In this short note, we present a simple and elementary proof that meromorphic conformal field theories (CFTs) have central charges of the form: $c=8N$ with $N\in\mathbb{N}$ (the set of natural numbers) using the modular linear differential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-31 Arpit Das

Recently, the modular linear differential equation (MLDE) for level-two congruence subgroups $\Gamma_\theta, \Gamma^{0}(2)$ and $\Gamma_0(2)$ of $\text{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ was developed and used to classify the fermionic rational conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Jin-Beom Bae , Zhihao Duan , Kimyeong Lee , Sungjay Lee , Matthieu Sarkis

Rational CFT's are classified by an integer $\ell$, the number of zeroes of the Wronskian of their characters in moduli space. For $\ell=0$ they satisfy non-singular modular-invariant differential equations, while for $\ell>0$ the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-27 Harsha R. Hampapura , Sunil Mukhi

We revisit (3,0) and (3,3) admissible solutions obtained using the MLDE method. We show that all $(3,0)$ solutions can be written in terms of a universal formula involving the ${}_3F_2$ hypergeometric function that takes into account the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-28 Suresh Govindarajan , Akhila Sadanandan , Jagannath Santara

Studies of modular linear differential equations (MLDE) for the classification of rational CFT characters have been limited to the case where the coefficient functions (in monic form) have no poles, or poles at special points of moduli…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-19 Arpit Das , Chethan N. Gowdigere , Sunil Mukhi , Jagannath Santara

Quasi-characters are vector-valued modular functions having an integral, but not necessarily positive, q-expansion. Using modular differential equations, a complete classification has been provided in arXiv:1810.09472 for the case of two…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-20 Sunil Mukhi , Rahul Poddar , Palash Singh

We classify all two-dimensional, unitary, rational conformal field theories with two primaries, central charge $c<25$, and arbitrary Wronskian index. In mathematical parlance, we classify all strongly regular vertex operator algebras (VOAs)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-04 Sunil Mukhi , Brandon C. Rayhaun

Two-dimensional rational CFT are characterised by an integer $\ell$, related to the number of zeroes of the Wronskian of the characters. For two-character RCFT's with $\ell<6$ there is a finite number of theories and most of these are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-07-24 A. Ramesh Chandra , Sunil Mukhi

Modular linear differential equations (MLDE) play a significant role in the classification of two-dimensional CFTs, where the modular forms in the equations belonged to the space of $\text{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$. A systematic study of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-02-27 Naveen Balaji Umasankar

We update the holomorphic modular bootstrap incorporating a recent result that computes the exact S-matrix within the Modular Linear Differential Equation (MLDE) setting. Further, using knowledge of the allowed exponents modulo one, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-28 Suresh Govindarajan , Akhila Sadanandan

We provide a simple and general construction of infinite families of consistent, modular-covariant pairs of characters satisfying the basic requirements to describe two-character RCFT. These correspond to solutions of generic second-order…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-22 A. Ramesh Chandra , Sunil Mukhi

We define Hecke operators on vector-valued modular forms of the type that appear as characters of rational conformal field theories (RCFTs). These operators extend the previously studied Galois symmetry of the modular representation and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 Jeffrey A. Harvey , Yuxiao Wu

In this work we revisit the "holomorphic modular bootstrap", i.e. the classification of rational conformal field theories via an analysis of the modular differential equations satisfied by their characters. By making use of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-05 Justin Kaidi , Ying-Hsuan Lin , Julio Parra-Martinez

Rational conformal field theories in 2d have partition functions built from holomorphic characters, whose classification can be addressed via the holomorphic modular bootstrap. This is facilitated by a special basis of ``quasi-characters''…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-04 Arpit Das , Sunil Mukhi

We systemically study the Hecke relations and the $c=8k$ coset relations among 2d rational conformal field theories (RCFTs) with up to seven characters. We propose that the characters of any 2d RCFT -- unitary or non-unitary -- satisfying a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-19 Zhihao Duan , Kimyeong Lee , Kaiwen Sun

We elaborate and extend the method of Wronskian differential equations for conformal blocks to compute four-point correlation functions on the plane for classes of primary fields in rational (and possibly more general) conformal field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-02 Sunil Mukhi , Girish Muralidhara

A characterization of the minimal $\mathcal{W}$-algebras associated with the Deligne exceptional series at level $-h^\vee/6$ is obtained by using one-parameter family of modular linear differential equations of order $4$. In particular, the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-03-07 Kazuya Kawasetsu , Yuichi Sakai
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