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Passive multi-target tracking (MTT) aims to infer the kinematic states of multiple targets from noisy sensor data in which contributions from unknown target-emitted signals are superposed. Track-before-detect (TBD) methods improve…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Nobutaka Ito , Yoshiaki Bando

Due to its high delay resolution, the ultra-wideband (UWB) technique has been widely adopted for fine-grained indoor localization. Instead of active positioning, UWB radar-based passive human tracking is explored using commercial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-20 Chenglong Li , Emmeric Tanghe , Jaron Fontaine , Luc Martens , Jac Romme , Gaurav Singh , Eli De Poorter , Wout Joseph

Despite their theoretical advantages, track-before-detect (TBD) methods remain largely absent from real-world multi-target tracking applications due to their computational complexity and limited scalability. This paper presents a scalable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-25 Lukas Herrmann , Ángel F. García-Fernández , Edmund F. Brekke , Egil Eide

Detecting weak target is an important and challenging problem in many applications such as radar, sonar etc. However, conventional detection methods are often ineffective in this case because of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Jin Lu , Guojie Peng , Weichuan Zhang , Changming Sun

Accurately tracking an unknown and time-varying number of objects in complex environments is a significant challenge but a fundamental capability in a variety of applications, including applied ocean sciences, surveillance, autonomous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Mingchao Liang , Florian Meyer

A multiple model track-before-detect (TBD) particle filter-based approach for detection and tracking of low signal to noise ratio (SNR) objects based on a sequence of image frames in the presence of noise and clutter is briefly studied in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Reza Rezaie

The field of human activity recognition has evolved significantly, driven largely by advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) device technology, particularly in personal devices. This study investigates the use of ultra-wideband (UWB)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Aurora Polo-Rodríguez , Juan Carlos Valera , Jesús Peral , David Gil , Javier Medina-Quero

This paper presents a method for the joint detection and tracking of weak targets in automotive radars using the multi-frame track-before-detect (MF-TBD) procedure. Generally, target tracking in automotive radars is challenging due to radar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Wujun Li , Qing Miao , Ye Yuan , Yunlian Tian , Wei Yi , Kah Chan Teh

During this decade, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) brought an increasing interest in the industrial and research world. One of their applications is the indoor localization. The ranging, i.e. the distance evaluation mechanism between…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Nezo Ibrahim Fofana , Adrien van den Bossche , Rejane Dalce , Thierry Val

Ultra-wideband (UWB) through-wall radar has a wide range of applications in non-contact human information detection and monitoring. With the integration of machine learning technology, its potential prospects include the physiological…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Zhengliang Zhu , Degui Yang , Junchao Zhang , Feng Tong

Tracking an unknown number of low-observable objects is notoriously challenging. This letter proposes a sequential Bayesian estimation method based on the track-before-detect (TBD) approach. In TBD, raw sensor measurements are directly used…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-04 Mingchao Liang , Thomas Kropfreiter , Florian Meyer

We consider the problem of online path planning for joint detection and tracking of multiple unknown radio-tagged objects. This is a necessary task for gathering spatio-temporal information using UAVs with on-board sensors in a range of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Hoa Van Nguyen , S. Hamid Rezatofighi , Ba-Ngu Vo , Damith C. Ranasinghe

In recent years, Bayes filter methods in the labeled random finite set formulation have become increasingly powerful in the multi-target tracking domain. One of the latest outcomes is the Generalized Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-13 David Meister , Martin F. Holder , Hermann Winner

This paper studies the use of directional antennas for received signal strength difference (RSSD) based localization using ultra-wideband and demonstrates the achievable accuracy with this localization method applied to UWB. As introduced…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Waldemar Gerok , Jürgen Peissig , Thomas Kaiser

In radar systems, tracking targets in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments is a very important task. There are some algorithms designed for multitarget tracking. Their performances, however, are not satisfactory in low SNR…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-30 Huisi Tong , Hao Zhang , Huadong Meng , Xiqin Wang

Rodents have long been established as the premier model for behavioral studies, traditionally raised and maintained in conventional cage environments. However, these settings often limit rodents' ability to exhibit their full range of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Reza Sayfoori , Mao-Hsiang Huang , Amir Naderi , Mehwish Bhatti , Ron D. Frostig , Hung Cao

This article concerns the challenge of reliable broadband passive sonar target detection and tracking in complex acoustic environments. Addressing this challenge is becoming increasingly crucial for safeguarding underwater infrastructure,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-23 Daniel Bossér , Magnus Lundberg Nordenvaad , Gustaf Hendeby , Isaac Skog

Accurate indoor localization is a crucial enabling technology for many robotics applications, from warehouse management to monitoring tasks. Ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging is a promising solution which is low-cost, lightweight, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Wenda Zhao , Abhishek Goudar , Jacopo Panerati , Angela P. Schoellig

Radio-based methods such as Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and RAdio Detection And Ranging (radar), which have traditionally seen limited adoption in robotics, are experiencing a boost in popularity thanks to their robustness to harsh environmental…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Andrés Martínez-Silva , David Alejo , Luis Merino , Fernando Caballero

Indoor autonomous navigation requires a precise and accurate localization system able to guide robots through cluttered, unstructured and dynamic environments. Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, as an indoor positioning system, offers precise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Enrico Sutera , Vittorio Mazzia , Francesco Salvetti , Giovanni Fantin , Marcello Chiaberge
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