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Blind quantum computing protocols enable a client, who can generate or measure single-qubit states, to delegate quantum computing to a remote quantum server protecting the client's privacy (i.e., input, output, and program). With current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-26 Tomoyuki Morimae , Takeshi Koshiba

In this paper we review a number of issues on the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols that bear directly on the relevant physics or mathematical representation of the QKD cryptosystem. It is shown that the cryptosystem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Horace P. Yuen

Quantum technologies hold promise as essential components for the upcoming deployment of the future 6G network. In this future network, the security and trustworthiness requirements are not considered fulfilled with the current state of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Luca Barbieri , Abdelkrim Menina , Riccardo Bassoli , Frank H. P. Fitzek

Existing quantum cryptography is resistant against secrecy-breaking quantum computers but suffers fast decay of the signal at long distances. The various types of repeaters of propagating quantum states have been developed to meet the…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) networks hold promise for sharing secure randomness over multi-partities. Most existing QKD network schemes and demonstrations are based on trusted relays or limited to point-to-point scenario. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Wen-Fei Cao , Yi-Zheng Zhen , Yu-Lin Zheng , Shuai Zhao , Feihu Xu , Li Li , Zeng-Bing Chen , Nai-Le Liu , Kai Chen

Any two-party cryptographic primitive can be implemented using quantum communication under the assumption that it is difficult to store a large number of quantum states perfectly. However, achieving reliable quantum communication over long…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-03 Iordanis Kerenidis , Stephanie Wehner

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) enables information-theoretically secure key exchange between remote parties without any assumptions on the internal workings of the devices used for its implementation. However, its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Makoto Ishihara , Anthony Brendan , Wojciech Roga , Ulrik L. Andersen , Masahiro Takeoka

Quantum key distribution, which allows two distant parties to share an unconditionally secure cryptographic key, promises to play an important role in the future of communication. For this reason such technique has attracted many…

Inspired by the semi-quantum protocols, this paper defines the lightweight quantum security protocols, in which lightweight participants can only operate two out of four very lightweight quantum operations. Subsequently, this study proposes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Tzonelih Hwang , Yen-Jie Chen , Chia-Wei Tsai , Cheng-Ching Kuo

The rise of large-scale quantum computing poses a significant threat to traditional cryptographic security measures. Quantum attacks undermine current asymmetric cryptographic algorithms, rendering them ineffective. Even symmetric key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yaser Baseri , Vikas Chouhan , Ali Ghorbani , Aaron Chow

Quantum token protocols enable unforgeable quantum tokens promising unconditional security beyond classical cryptographic assumptions. We show here that the three stages of the Quantum token protocols involving the preparation, storage and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari , Yang Wang , Jörg Wrachtrup

The importance of being able to verify quantum computation delegated to remote servers increases with recent development of quantum technologies. In some of the proposed protocols for this task, a client delegates her quantum computation to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Alex B. Grilo

Authenticated Key Exchange (AKE) establishes shared ('symmetric') cryptographic keys which are essential for secure online communication. AKE protocols can be constructed from public-key cryptography like Key Encapsulation Mechanisms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Kathrin Hövelmanns , Daan Planken , Christian Schaffner , Sebastian R. Verschoor

Accurate and tamper-resistant timestamps are essential for applications demanding verifiable chronological ordering, such as legal documentation and digital intellectual property protection. Classical timestamp protocols rely on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Ming-Yang Li , Chen-Xun Weng , Wen-Bo Liu , Mengya Zhu , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum information, computation and communication, will have a great impact on our world. One important subfield will be quantum networking and the quantum Internet. The purpose of a quantum Internet is to enable applications that are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Antonio Abelem , Don Towsley , Gayane Vardoyan

We propose a protocol to perform long-range distribution of near-maximally entangled multiphoton states, allowing versatile applications such as quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum metrology which can provide alternatives to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Monika E. Mycroft , Thomas McDermott , Adam Buraczewski , Magdalena Stobińska

This paper presents the first quantum entanglement establishment scheme for strangers who neither pre-share any secret nor have any authenticated classical channel between them. The proposed protocol requires only the help of two almost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-29 Tzonelih Hwang , Tzu-Han Lin , Shih-Hung Kao

A notion of quantum conference is introduced in analogy with the usual notion of a conference that happens frequently in today's world. Quantum conference is defined as a multiparty secure communication task that allows each party to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Anindita Banerjee , Kishore Thapliyal , Chitra Shukla , Anirban Pathak

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

In the medium term, quantum computing must tackle two key challenges: fault tolerance and security. Fault tolerance will be solved with sufficiently high quality experiments on large numbers of qubits, but the scale and complexity of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Ethan Davies , Alastair Kay