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Conventional keyword search systems operate on automatic speech recognition (ASR) outputs, which causes them to have a complex indexing and search pipeline. This has led to interest in ASR-free approaches to simplify the search procedure.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Bolaji Yusuf , Jan Cernocky , Murat Saraclar

The principal goal of the TREC Neural Cross-Language Information Retrieval (NeuCLIR) track is to study the impact of neural approaches to cross-language information retrieval. The track has created four collections, large collections of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Dawn Lawrie , Sean MacAvaney , James Mayfield , Paul McNamee , Douglas W. Oard , Luca Soldaini , Eugene Yang

Cross-lingual word embeddings (CLEs) enable multilingual modeling of meaning and facilitate cross-lingual transfer of NLP models. Despite their ubiquitous usage in downstream tasks, recent increasingly popular projection-based CLE models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Goran Glavas , Robert Litschko , Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulic

Dense retrieval systems increasingly need to handle complex queries. In many realistic settings, users express intent through long instructions or task-specific descriptions, while target documents remain relatively simple and static. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Seiji Maekawa , Moin Aminnaseri , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Pre-trained language models (LMs) are currently integral to many natural language processing systems. Although multilingual LMs were also introduced to serve many languages, these have limitations such as being costly at inference time and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , AbdelRahim Elmadany , El Moatez Billah Nagoudi

Neural networks provide new possibilities to automatically learn complex language patterns and query-document relations. Neural IR models have achieved promising results in learning query-document relevance patterns, but few explorations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Embeddings extracted by pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have significant potential to improve information retrieval and search. Beyond the zero-shot setup in which they are being conventionally used, being able to take advantage of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Jinsung Yoon , Sercan O Arik , Yanfei Chen , Tomas Pfister

Transformer-based models such as BERT and E5 have significantly advanced text embedding by capturing rich contextual representations. However, many complex real-world queries require sophisticated reasoning to retrieve relevant documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yuxiang Liu , Tian Wang , Gourab Kundu , Tianyu Cao , Guang Cheng , Zhen Ge , Jianshu Chen , Qingjun Cui , Trishul Chilimbi

Entity and relation extraction is a key task in information extraction, where the output can be used for downstream NLP tasks. Existing approaches for entity and relation extraction tasks mainly focus on the English corpora and ignore other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Zixiang Wang , Jian Yang , Tongliang Li , Jiaheng Liu , Ying Mo , Jiaqi Bai , Longtao He , Zhoujun Li

In this paper, we propose an alternative to deep neural networks for semantic information retrieval for the case of long documents. This new approach exploiting clustering techniques to take into account the meaning of words in Information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Paul Mbathe Mekontchou , Armel Fotsoh , Bernabe Batchakui , Eddy Ella

Cross-lingual representations of words enable us to reason about word meaning in multilingual contexts and are a key facilitator of cross-lingual transfer when developing natural language processing models for low-resource languages. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Anders Søgaard

We describe a multi-task learning approach to train a Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model with a Relevance-based Auxiliary Task (RAT) for search query translation. The translation process for Cross-lingual Information Retrieval (CLIR)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar , Hamed Bonab , James Allan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown proficiency in question-answering tasks but often struggle to integrate real-time knowledge, leading to potentially outdated or inaccurate responses. This problem becomes even more challenging when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yucheng Shi , Qiaoyu Tan , Xuansheng Wu , Shaochen Zhong , Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu

Recent work in cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), where queries and documents are in different languages, has shown the benefit of the Translate-Distill framework that trains a cross-language neural dual-encoder model using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , James Mayfield

Scholars often explore literature outside of their home community of study. This exploration process is frequently hampered by field-specific jargon. Past computational work often focuses on supporting translation work by removing jargon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Calvin Bao , Yow-Ting Shiue , Marine Carpuat , Joel Chan

This report presents our participation to the WSDM Cup 2026 shared task on multilingual document retrieval from English queries. The task provides a challenging benchmark for cross-lingual generalization. It also provides a natural testbed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Thibault Formal , Maxime Louis , Hervé Déjean , Stéphane Clinchant

Regularization of neural machine translation is still a significant problem, especially in low-resource settings. To mollify this problem, we propose regressing word embeddings (ReWE) as a new regularization technique in a system that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Ehsan Zare Borzeshi , Nazanin Esmaili , Massimo Piccardi

Efficient code retrieval is critical for developer productivity, yet existing benchmarks largely focus on Python and rarely stress-test robustness beyond superficial lexical cues. To address the gap, we introduce an automated pipeline for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Kaicheng Wang , Liyan Huang , Weike Fang , Weihang Wang

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) have emerged as critical tools in domains where interpretability is paramount. These models rely on predefined textual descriptions, referred to as concepts, to inform their decision-making process and offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Maor Dikter , Tsachi Blau , Chaim Baskin

Cross-lingual document search is an information retrieval task in which the queries' language differs from the documents' language. In this paper, we study the instability of neural document search models and propose a novel end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Jiapeng Liu , Xiao Zhang , Dan Goldwasser , Xiao Wang