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Atomic resolution imaging in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) of light elements in electron-transparent materials has long been a challenge. Biomolecular materials, for example, are rapidly altered when…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-12-05 Fehmi S. Yasin , Tyler R. Harvey , Jordan J. Chess , Jordan S. Pierce , Colin Ophus , Peter Ercius , Benjamin J. McMorran

Microscopy techniques have played vital roles in materials science, biology, and nanotechnology, offering high-resolution imaging and detailed insights into properties at nanoscale and atomic level. The automation of microscopy experiments,…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-06 Utkarsh Pratiush , Hiroshi Funakubo , Rama Vasudevan , Sergei V. Kalinin , Yongtao Liu

Electronic conduction pathways in dielectric thin films are explored using automated experiments in scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Here, we use large field of view scanning to identify the position of localized conductive spots and…

Modern TEM instrumentation can probe a wide range of structural, optical, and chemical properties with unprecedented resolution. However, each of these properties must be recorded in independent datasets using different detector modes with…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-16 Thomas Thersleff , Cheuk-Wai Tai

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is a powerful tool to reveal the morphologies and structures of materials, thereby attracting intensive interests from the scientific and industrial communities. The outstanding spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Hanlei Zhang , Jincheng Bai , Xiabo Chen , Can Li , Chuanjian Zhong , Jiye Fang , Guangwen Zhou

Thin film oxides are a source of endless fascination for the materials scientist. These materials are highly flexible, can be integrated into almost limitless combinations, and exhibit many useful functionalities for device applications.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-17 Steven R. Spurgeon

Direct electron detectors in scanning transmission electron microscopy give unprecedented possibilities for structure analysis at the nanoscale. In electronic and quantum materials, this new capability gives access to, for example, emergent…

Automated decision-making is becoming key for automated characterization including electron and scanning probe microscopies and nano indentation. Most machine learning driven workflows optimize a single predefined objective and tend to…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-07 Kamyar Barakati , Boris N. Slautin , Utkarsh Pratiush , Hiroshi Funakubo , Sergei V. Kalinin

The functionality of ferroelastic domain walls in ferroelectric materials is explored in real-time via the in-situ implementation of computer vision algorithms in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) experiment. The robust deep convolutional…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-24 Yongtao Liu , Kyle P. Kelley , Hiroshi Funakubo , Sergei V. Kalinin , Maxim Ziatdinov

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (ML/AI) are rapidly becoming an indispensable part of physics research, with domain applications ranging from theory and materials prediction to high-throughput data analysis. In parallel, the…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been extensively used for imaging complex materials down to atomic resolution. The most commonly employed STEM modality, annular dark-field imaging, produces easily-interpretable…

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) remains pivotal in structural biology, yet the task of protein particle picking, integral for 3D protein structure construction, is laden with manual inefficiencies. While recent AI tools such as Topaz and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Fei He , Zhiyuan Yang , Mingyue Gao , Biplab Poudel , Newgin Sam Ebin Sam Dhas , Rajan Gyawali , Ashwin Dhakal , Jianlin Cheng , Dong Xu

Phase contrast transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for imaging the local atomic structure of materials. TEM has been used heavily in studies of defect structures of 2D materials such as monolayer graphene due to its…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-09-01 Robbie Sadre , Colin Ophus , Anstasiia Butko , Gunther H Weber

Combinatorial materials libraries provide a powerful platform for mapping how physical properties evolve across binary and ternary cross-sections of multicomponent phase diagrams. While synthesis of such libraries has advanced since the…

Recent advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) allow to observe solid-state transformations and reactions in materials induced by thermal stimulus or electron beam on the atomic level. However, despite the rate at which…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-11-26 Maxim Ziatdinov , Ondrej Dyck , Stephen Jesse , Sergei V. Kalinin

Here we explore the use of scanning electron diffraction coupled with electron atomic pair distribution function analysis (ePDF) to understand the local order as a function of position in a complex multicomponent system, a hot rolled,…

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) offers high-resolution images that are used to quantify the nanoscale atomic structure and composition of materials and biological specimens. In many cases, however, the resolution is limited…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-23 Daniel Nicholls , Alex Robinson , Jack Wells , Amirafshar Moshtaghpour , Mounib Bahri , Angus Kirkland , Nigel Browning

Population and distribution of defects is one of the primary parameters controlling materials functionality, are often non-ergodic and strongly dependent on synthesis history, and are rarely amenable to direct theoretical prediction. Here,…

Here a new microscopic method is proposed to image and characterize very thin samples like few-layer materials, organic molecules, and nanostructures with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution using electron beams of energies lower than 20…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-06 Ing-Shouh Hwang

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying the structural heterogeneity of proteins and their complexes, offering insights into macromolecular dynamics directly within cells. Driven by recent…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-01 Jackson Carrion , Joseph H. Davis