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We perform explorative analyses of the 3D gluon content of the proton via a study of (un)polarized twist-2 gluon TMDs, calculated in a spectator model for the parent nucleon. Our approach encodes a flexible parametrization for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-08 Francesco Giovanni Celiberto

We present exploratory studies of the 3D proton tomography through polarized $T$-odd gluon TMDs at leading twist, obtained in a spectator-model framework. We embody in our approach a flexible parameterization for the spectator-mass spectral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-18 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present novel analyses on accessing the 3D gluon content of the proton via spin-dependent TMD gluon densities, calculated through the spectator-model approach. Our formalism embodies a fit-based spectator-mass modulation function, suited…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-01 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present a model calculation of transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) of gluons in the nucleon. The model is based on the assumption that a nucleon can emit a gluon, and what remains after the emission is treated as a single…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-08 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici , Pieter Taels

We study the twist-3 transverse momentum dependent distributions of gluons in a nucleon within a spectator model framework. In this model, the nucleon is described as emitting a virtual (time-like) gluon and an on-shell spectator particle,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-05 Xiupeng Xie , Zhun Lu

We report progresses on leading-twist transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon distributions, calculated in a spectator-model framework for the parent nucleon. We encode in our formalism a fit-based parameterization for the spectator-mass…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-11 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present studies aimed at probing the 3D gluon content of the proton through spin-dependent TMD gluon densities, computed by means of the spectator-model approach. Our formalism incorporates a fit-based modulation function for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-10 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present a model calculation of T-odd transverse-momentum-dependent distributions of gluons in the nucleon. The model is based on the assumption that a nucleon can emit a gluon, and what remains after the emission is treated as a single…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-28 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present preliminary results on the leading-twist transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) gluon linearity function, which is directly connected to nucleon transverse-spin asymmetries originating from the density of linearly-polarized gluons.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-11 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We present exploratory studies of the proton content via unpolarized and polarized transverse-momentum-dependent gluon distributions in the proton at leading twist. We make use of an enhanced spectator-model approach to encode in our…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-17 Alessandro Bacchetta , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Marco Radici

We formulate a light-front spectator model for the proton incorporating the gluonic degree of freedom. In this model, at high energy scattering of the proton, the active parton is a gluon and the rest is viewed as a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-26 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Poonam Choudhary , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Raj Kishore , Tanmay Maji , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee

We present a model calculation of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon fragmentation functions for the spin-1/2 and spin-0 hadrons. The model is based on the assumption that a time-like off-shell gluon can fragments into a hadron and a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-14 Xiupeng Xie , Zhun Lu

We present a model calculation of the transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) for gluons in a tensor-polarized deuteron. Our model is based on the assumption that an on-shell deuteron can emit a time-like off-shell gluon, while…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-17 Xiupeng Xie , Dian-Yong Chen , Zhun Lu

We present a calculation of the leading-twist (twist-2) generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs) for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized gluons in the proton, using a recently developed light-front gluon spectator model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-23 Dipankar Chakrabarti , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Asmita Mukherjee , Kauship Saha

We investigate the leading-twist gluonic distribution functions within the proton by formulating a light-front spectator model. The proton light-front wave functions (LFWFs) are adopted from the soft-wall AdS/QCD predictions, and the model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-08-14 Poonam Choudhary , Dipankar Chakrabarti , Bheemsehan Gurjar , Tanmay Maji , Chandan Mondal , Asmita Mukherjee

We present a model calculation of the T-odd transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon fragmentation functions for a spin-1/2 hadron. Our model is based on the postulation that a time-like off-shell gluon can fragment into a hadron and a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-21 Xiupeng Xie , Zhun Lu

Gluon transverse-momentum dependent distributions (TMDs) are very important for revealing the internal structure of the proton. They correspond to a variety of experiments and are among the major tasks of the future electron-ion colliders.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-03-12 Hongyao Yu , Zhi Hu , Siqi Xu , Chandan Mondal , Xingbo Zhao , James P. Vary

We revisit the model-independent decomposition of the gluon correlator, producing T-even and T-odd gluon transverse momentum distributions (TMDs), at leading twist. We propose an expansion of the gluon correlator, using a basis of four…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-05 Valery E. Lyubovitskij , Ivan Schmidt

Gluon TMDs can be accessed through the analysis of azimuthal asymmetries for heavy quark pair and dijet production in electron-proton collisions, similarly to the way quark TMDs are commonly extracted from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-12-21 Cristian Pisano , Daniël Boer , Piet J. Mulders , Jian Zhou

All the leading-twist parton distribution functions are calculated in a spectator model of the nucleon, using scalar and axial-vector diquarks. Single gluon rescattering is used to generate T-odd distribution functions. Different choices…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-01-14 A. Bacchetta , F. Conti , M. Radici
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