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In pursuance of the unused spectrum in higher frequencies, millimeter wave (mmWave) bands have a pivotal role. However, the high path-loss and poor scattering associated with mmWave communications highlight the necessity of employing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Nariman Torkzaban , Mohamamd A. , Khojastepour , John S. Baras

Directional beamforming is a crucial component for realizing robust wireless communication systems using millimeter wave (mmWave) technology. Beam alignment using brute-force search of the space introduces time overhead while location aided…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Vishnu Raj , Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani

With the overcrowded sub-6 GHz bands, millimeter wave (mmWave) bands offer a promising alternative for the next generation wireless standard, i.e., 5G. However, the susceptibility of mmWave signals to severe pathloss and shadowing requires…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-10-13 Solmaz Niknam , Balasubramaniam Natarajan , Reza Barazideh

Extremely large-scale massive multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is regarded as a promising technology for next-generation communication systems. In order to enhance the beamforming gains, codebook-based beam training is widely…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Wang Liu , Hong Ren , Cunhua Pan , Jiangzhou Wang

Millimeter wave (mmW) wireless networks are capable to support multi-gigabit data rates, by using directional communications with narrow beams. However, existing mmW communications standards are hindered by two problems: deafness and single…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Hossein Shokri-Ghadikolaei , Lazaros Gkatzikis , Carlo Fischione

The problem of beam alignment and tracking in high mobility scenarios such as high-speed railway (HSR) becomes extremely challenging, since large overhead cost and significant time delay are introduced for fast time-varying channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Fan Meng , Shengheng Liu , Yongming Huang , Zhaohua Lu

In this work, we study optimal transmit strategies for minimizing the positioning error bound in a line-of-sight scenario, under different levels of prior knowledge of the channel parameters. For the case of perfect prior knowledge, we…

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) hybrid analog-digital beamforming is a promising approach to satisfy the low-latency constraint in multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) systems, which serve as network infrastructure for flexible deployment.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Hsiao-Lan Chiang , Kwang-Cheng Chen , Wolfgang Rave , Mostafa Khalili Marandi , Gerhard Fettweis

This paper presents the first large-scale real-world evaluation for using LiDAR data to guide the mmWave beam prediction task. A machine learning (ML) model that leverages the LiDAR sensory data to predict the current and future beams was…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-11 Shuaifeng Jiang , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

This paper introduces a novel neural network framework called M2BeamLLM for beam prediction in millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO) communication systems. M2BeamLLM integrates multi-modal sensor data, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Chung G. Kang , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Merouane Debbah

In this paper, we develop a deep learning (DL)-guided hybrid beam and power allocation approach for multiuser millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks, which facilitates swift beamforming at the base station (BS). The following persisting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Yuwen Cao , Tomoaki Ohtsuki , Setareh Maghsudi , Tony Q. S. Quek

Fifth generation (5G) wireless networks are expected to utilize wide bandwidths available at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies for enhancing system throughput. However, the unfavorable channel conditions of mmWave links, e.g., higher…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-06 Jiho Song , Junil Choi , David J. Love

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a key technology that provides user equipment (UE) tracking and environment mapping services, enabling the deep integration of sensing and communication. The millimeter-wave (mmWave)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Jie Yang , Chao-Kai Wen , Jing Xu , Hang Que , Haikun Wei , Shi Jin

In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based beam tracking method for millimeter-wave (mmWave)communications. Beam tracking is employed for transmitting the known symbols using the sounding beams and tracking time-varying channels to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-05 Sun Hong Lim , Sunwoo Kim , Byonghyo Shim , Jun Won Choi

Mmwave bands are being widely touted as a very promising option for future 5G networks, especially in enabling such networks to meet highly demanding rate requirements. Accordingly, the usage of these bands is also receiving an increasing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Zana Limani Fazliu , Carla Fabiana Chiasserini , Francesco Malandrino , Alessandro Nordio

Beam alignment enables efficient, stable transmission and control of optical energy and information, which critically depend on precise monitoring and regulation of the three-dimensional (3D) relative positioning between fibers. This study…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-27 Lin Xu , Li Pei , Jianshuai Wang , Zhouyi Hu , Tigang Ning

Since the spectrum below 6 GHz bands is insufficient to meet the high bandwidth requirements of 5G use cases, 5G networks expand their operation to mmWave bands. However, operation at these bands has to cope with a high penetration loss and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Lotte Weedage , Clara Stegehuis , Suzan Bayhan

Initial access (IA) is the process by which user equipment (UE) establishes its first connection with a base station. In 5G systems, particularly at millimeter-wave frequencies, IA integrates beam management to support highly directional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Sabrine Aroua , Christos Anastasios Bovolis , Bo Göransson , Anastasios Giovanidis , Mathieu Leconte , Apostolos Destounis

In line with the AI-native 6G vision, explainability and robustness are crucial for building trust and ensuring reliable performance in millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems. Efficient beam alignment is essential for initial access, but deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Nasir Khan , Asmaa Abdallah , Abdulkadir Celik , Ahmed M. Eltawil , Sinem Coleri

In wireless communication systems, mmWave beam tracking is a critical task that affects both sensing and communications, as it is related to the knowledge of the wireless channel. We consider a setup in which a Base Station (BS) needs to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Cristian J. Vaca-Rubio , Carles Navarro Manchón , Ramoni Adeogun , Petar Popovski