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A quantum-limited amplifier enables the amplification of weak signals while introducing minimal noise dictated by the principles of quantum mechanics. These amplifiers serve a broad spectrum of applications in quantum computing, including…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-26 Abdul Mohamed , Elham Zohari , Jarryd J. Pla , Paul E. Barclay , Shabir Barzanjeh

Superconducting microwave amplifiers are essential for sensitive signal readout in superconducting quantum processors. Typically based on Josephson Junctions, these amplifiers require operation at milli-Kelvin temperatures to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-07 Mingrui Xu , Yufeng Wu , Wei Dai , Hong X. Tang

Linear parametric amplification is a key operation in information processing. Our interest here is quantum-limited parametric amplification, $i.e.$, amplification of quantum signals while adding the minimum amount of noise allowed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Ananda Roy , Michel Devoret

Predicting the performance of traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) based on nonlinear elements like superconducting Josephson junctions (JJs) is vital for qubit read-out in quantum computers. The purpose of this article is twofold:…

Quantum-limited amplifiers, such as Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) and Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs), are essential components in quantum computers. They amplify low-power microwave signals from qubits at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Emre Küçükyılmaz , Mehmet Ünlü , Ali Bozbey

DARTWARS (Detector Array Readout with Traveling Wave AmplifieRS) is a three years project that aims to develop high-performing innovative Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) for low temperature detectors and qubit readout (C-band).…

A wide-bandwidth and low-noise amplification chain in the microwave regime is crucial for the efficient read-out of quantum systems based on superconducting detectors, such as Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), Transition Edge…

Kinetic-inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs) offer broadband near-quantum-limited amplification with high saturation power. Due to the high critical magnetic fields of high-kinetic-inductance materials, KI-TWPAs should…

Many applications in photonics require all-optical manipulation of plasma waves, which can concentrate electromagnetic energy on sub-wavelength length scales. This is difficult in metallic plasmas because of their small optical…

The underlying nonlinear mechanisms behind the operation of travelling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) are important in determining their performance in terms of added noise, maximum gain, and bandwidth. We describe a method of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-10-17 Songyuan Zhao , Stafford Withington , Chris N. Thomas

In traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) low-loss capacitors are necessary to provide 50 $\Omega$ impedance matching to the increased inductance that is brought in by the nonlinear elements used for amplification, be it Josephson…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Christian Schlager , Romain Albert , Gerhard Kirchmair

We developed and experimentally tested a Symmetric Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier (STWPA) based on Three-Wave Mixing, using the new concept of a Symmetric rf- SQUID. This allows to fully control the second and third order…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-04-23 Alessandro Miano , Oleg A. Mukhanov

Most microwave readout architectures in quantum computing or sensing rely on a semiconductor amplifier at 4 K, typically a high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT). Despite its remarkable noise performance, a conventional HEMT dissipates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 M. Malnou , J. Aumentado , M. R. Vissers , J. D. Wheeler , J. Hubmayr , J. N. Ullom , J. Gao

Superconducting traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs) are essential elements for enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and thus the read-out fidelity of superconducting qubits because of their high gain and near quantum-limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Daryoush Shiri , Likai Yang , Saesun Kim , Mohamed A. Hassan , Philip Krantz , Eric T. Holland

Amplifiers are ubiquitous in electronics and play a fundamental role in a wide range of scientific measurements. From a user's perspective, an ideal amplifier has very low noise, operates over a broad frequency range, and has a high dynamic…

Superconductivity · Physics 2012-01-12 Byeong Ho Eom , Peter K. Day , Henry G. Leduc , Jonas Zmuidzinas

Quantum radar has emerged as a promising paradigm that utilizes entanglement and quantum correlations to overcome the limitations of classical detection in noisy and lossy environments. By exploiting microwave entanglement generated from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Murat Can Karakoc , Ozgun Ersoy , Ahmad Salmanoghli Khiavi , Asaf Behzat Sahin

Optical amplifiers are essential in numerous photonic applications. Parametric amplifiers, relying on a nonlinear material to create amplification, are uniquely promising as they can amplify without generating excess noise. Here, we…

Optimizing the performance of cryogenic quantum amplifiers is a key step toward achieving high-fidelity and scalable qubit readout. In this work, we present efficient and accurate modeling of a Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Likai Yang , Jennifer Wang , Mohamed Awida Hassan , Philip Krantz , Kevin P. O'Brien

Recent demonstrations of squeezing generation using Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) have opened the way for the application of broadband microwave squeezing in quantum sensing, quantum-enhanced detection, and…

Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (TWPAs) are extensively employed in experiments involving weak microwave signals for their highly desirable quantum-limited and broadband characteristics. However, TWPAs' broadband nature comes with the…