Related papers: Sum of squares I: scalar functions
Euler defines a function f(x) somehow as an infinite product and a generalization of [x], where [x] ist, what we now call following Legendre the Gamma-Funktion. He gets some recursive relationships for f(x), by applying some very nice…
Let $K$ be a totally real number field with Galois closure $L$. We prove that if $f \in \mathbb Q[x_1,...,x_n]$ is a sum of $m$ squares in $K[x_1,...,x_n]$, then $f$ is a sum of \[4m \cdot 2^{[L: \mathbb Q]+1} {[L: \mathbb Q] +1 \choose…
A well-known result of Murray Marshall states that every $f \in \mathbb{R} [X,Y]$ non-negative on the strip $[0,1] \times \mathbb{R}$ can be written as $f= \sigma_0 + \sigma_1 X(1-X)$ with $\sigma_0, \sigma_1$ sums of squares in $\mathbb{R}…
A four-term recurrence relation for squared spherical Bessel functions is shown to yield closed-form expressions for several types of finite weighted sums of these functions. The resulting sum rules, which may contain an arbitrarily large…
We present results for some infinite series appearing in Feynman diagram calculations, many of which are similar to the Euler series. These include both one-dimensional and two-dimensional series. Most of these series can be expressed in…
In this paper, we consider the elliptic system \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u=g(x,v)\,\, \textnormal{in}\Omega, & \hbox{} -\Delta v=f(x,u)\,\,\textnormal{in}\Omega, & \hbox{} u=v=0\textnormal{on}\partial\Omega, &…
In this note, an upper bound for the sum of fractional parts of certain smooth functions is established. Such sums arise naturally in numerous problems of analytic number theory. The main feature is here an improvement of the main term due…
If X is any connected Cayley graph on any finite abelian group, we determine precisely which flows on X can be written as a sum of hamiltonian cycles. (This answers a question of Brian Alspach.) In particular, if the degree of X is at least…
This paper develops a Carleman type estimate for immersed surface in Euclidean space at infinity. With this estimate, we obtain an unique continuation property for harmonic functions on immersed surfaces vanishing at infinity, which leads…
We give a level one result for the "symmetry integral", say $I_f(N,h)$, of essentially bounded $f:\N \to \R$; i.e., we get a kind of "square-root cancellation" \thinspace bound for the mean-square (in $N<x\le 2N$) of the "symmetry"…
We give a bijective parameter representation for a sum of squares of numbers being equal to another sum of squares of numbers.
An Euclidean approach for investigating quantum aspects of a scalar field living on a class of D-dimensional static black hole space-times, including the extremal ones, is reviewed. The method makes use of a near horizon approximation of…
In these short notes, we will show the following. Let F_q be a finite field and let E/\F_q be an elliptic curve. Let S_r be the rth summation/Semaev polynomial for E. Under an assumption, we show that it is NP-complete to check if S_r…
Infinite series of the type Sum{n=1,infinity}(alpha/2)_n_2F_1(-n, b; gamma; y)/(n n!) are investigated. Closed-form sums are obtained for alpha a positive integer alpha=1,2,3, ... The limiting case of b --> infinity, after y is replaced…
We study sharp conditions for the existence and nonexistence of infinitely many nonnegative solutions to the problem $-\Delta_p u = \lambda f(u)$ in a bounded domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions, where $f$ is a continuous function…
In this article we discuss the transcendence of certain infinite sums and products by using the Subspace theorem. In particular we improve the result of Han\v{c}l and Rucki \cite{hancl3}.
We investigate exponential sums over singular binary quartic forms, proving an explicit formula for the finite field Fourier transform of this set. Our formula shares much in common with analogous formulas proved previously for other vector…
We give a new proof of Milne's formulas for the number of representations of an integer as a sum of 4m^2 and 4m(m+1) squares. The proof is based on explicit evaluation of pfaffians with elliptic function entries, and relates Milne's…
Certain second-order partial differential operators, which are expressed as sums of squares of real-analytic vector fields in $\Bbb R^3$ and which are well known to be $C^\infty$ hypoelliptic, fail to be analytic hypoelliptic.
Let $q$ be a perfect power of a prime number $p$ and $E({\mathbb F}_q)$ be an elliptic curve over ${\mathbb F}_q$ given by the equation $y^2=x^3+Ax+B$. For a positive integer $n$ we denote by $ \# E({\mathbb F}_{q^n})$ the number of…