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Modern neural networks are known to give overconfident prediction for out-of-distribution inputs when deployed in the open world. It is common practice to leverage a surrogate outlier dataset to regularize the model during training, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Wenyu Jiang , Hao Cheng , Mingcai Chen , Chongjun Wang , Hongxin Wei

Machine Learning classifiers used in Brain-Computer Interfaces make classifications based on the distribution of data they were trained on. When they need to make inferences on samples that fall outside of this distribution, they can only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Merlijn Quincent Mulder , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Andreea Ioana Sburlea , Ivo Pascal de Jong

We propose an inlier-based outlier detection method capable of both identifying the outliers and explaining why they are outliers, by identifying the outlier-specific features. Specifically, we employ an inlier-based outlier detection…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-22 Makoto Yamada , Song Liu , Samuel Kaski

Outlier detection is an important topic in machine learning and has been used in a wide range of applications. In this paper, we approach outlier detection as a binary-classification issue by sampling potential outliers from a uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Yezheng Liu , Zhe Li , Chong Zhou , Yuanchun Jiang , Jianshan Sun , Meng Wang , Xiangnan He

As deep learning methods form a critical part in commercially important applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnostics, it is important to reliably detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs while employing these algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Apoorv Vyas , Nataraj Jammalamadaka , Xia Zhu , Dipankar Das , Bharat Kaul , Theodore L. Willke

Anomaly detection is to recognize samples that differ in some respect from the training observations. These samples which do not conform to the distribution of normal data are called outliers or anomalies. In real-world anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

Outlier detection (OD) is one of the core challenges in machine learning. Transductive learning, which leverages test data during training, has shown promise in related machine learning tasks, yet remains largely unexplored for modern OD.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Simon Klüttermann , Emmanuel Müller

Outlier, or anomaly, detection is essential for optimal performance of machine learning methods and statistical predictive models. It is not just a technical step in a data cleaning process but a key topic in many fields such as fraudulent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 O. Ramos Terrades , A. Berenguel , D. Gil

Existing popular unsupervised embedding learning methods focus on enhancing the instance-level local discrimination of the given unlabeled images by exploring various negative data. However, the existed sample outliers which exhibit large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Jiahuan Zhou , Yansong Tang , Bing Su , Ying Wu

Machine unlearning is a complex process that necessitates the model to diminish the influence of the training data while keeping the loss of accuracy to a minimum. Despite the numerous studies on machine unlearning in recent years, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zixin Wang , Kongyang Chen

In real-world applications, machine learning models must reliably detect Out-of-Distribution (OoD) samples to prevent unsafe decisions. Current OoD detection methods often rely on analyzing the logits or the embeddings of the penultimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Gianluca Guglielmo , Marc Masana

Outlier detection (also known as anomaly detection or deviation detection) is a process of detecting data points in which their patterns deviate significantly from others. It is common to have outliers in industry applications, which could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Kasra Babaei , ZhiYuan Chen , Tomas Maul

Outlier detection is the identification of points in a dataset that do not conform to the norm. Outlier detection is highly sensitive to the choice of the detection algorithm and the feature subspace used by the algorithm. Extracting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Yanjie Fu , Charu Aggarwal , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Deepak S. Turaga , Hui Xiong

The recent, counter-intuitive discovery that deep generative models (DGMs) can frequently assign a higher likelihood to outliers has implications for both outlier detection applications as well as our overall understanding of generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-27 Ziyu Wang , Bin Dai , David Wipf , Jun Zhu

Outlier recognition is a fundamental problem in data analysis and has attracted a great deal of attention in the past decades. However, most existing methods still suffer from several issues such as high time and space complexities or…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Hu Ding , Mingquan Ye

In this paper, we propose POTATOES (Partitioning OverfiTting AuTOencoder EnSemble), a new method for unsupervised outlier detection (UOD). More precisely, given any autoencoder for UOD, this technique can be used to improve its accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Boris Lorbeer , Max Botler

Sparse estimation methods capable of tolerating outliers have been broadly investigated in the last decade. We contribute to this research considering high-dimensional regression problems contaminated by multiple mean-shift outliers which…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-21 Luca Insolia , Ana Kenney , Francesca Chiaromonte , Giovanni Felici

This paper considers the problem of recovering signals modeled by generative models from linear measurements contaminated with sparse outliers. We propose an outlier detection approach for reconstructing the ground-truth signals modeled by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-17 Jirong Yi , Jingchao Gao , Tianming Wang , Xiaodong Wu , Weiyu Xu

With the sweeping digitalization of societal, medical, industrial, and scientific processes, sensing technologies are being deployed that produce increasing volumes of time series data, thus fueling a plethora of new or improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 David Campos , Tung Kieu , Chenjuan Guo , Feiteng Huang , Kai Zheng , Bin Yang , Christian S. Jensen

Detecting which nodes in graphs are outliers is a relatively new machine learning task with numerous applications. Despite the proliferation of algorithms developed in recent years for this task, there has been no standard comprehensive…