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We study particle trapping at the edge of a gap opened by a planet in a protoplanetary disk. In particular, we explore the effects of turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability on particle trapping, using global…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Zhaohuan Zhu , James M. Stone

The winter polar vortices on Mars are annular in terms of their potential vorticity (PV) structure, a phenomenon identified in observations, reanalysis and some numerical simulations. Some recent modeling studies have proposed that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-30 E. R. Ball , D. M. Mitchell , W. J. M. Seviour , S. I. Thomson , G. K. Vallis

Dust is the main driver of Mars' atmospheric variability. The determination of Martian dust aerosol properties is of high relevance for radiative modelling and calculating its weather forcing. In particular, the light scattering behaviour…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-06 H. Chen-Chen , S. Perez-Hoyos , A. Sanchez-Lavega

In this work, we study how the dust coagulation/fragmentation will influence the evolution and observational appearances of vortices induced by a massive planet embedded in a low viscosity disk by performing global 2D high-resolution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Ya-Ping Li , Hui Li , Shengtai Li , Tilman Birnstiel , Joanna Drazkowska , Sebastian Stammler

In a galactic halo like the Milky Way, bosonic dark matter particles lighter than about $30$ eV have a de Broglie wavelength larger than the average inter-particle separation and are therefore well described as a set of classical waves.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Lam Hui , Austin Joyce , Michael J. Landry , Xinyu Li

The SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structures) instrument onboard the InSight mission to Mars is the critical instrument for determining the interior structure of Mars, the current level of tectonic activity and the meteorite flux.…

Global dust storms are the most thermodynamically significant dust events on Mars. They are produced from the combination of multiple local and regional lifting events and maintained by positive radiative-dynamic feedbacks. The most recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-05 Tanguy Bertrand , R. John Wilson , Melinda A. Kahre , Richard Urata , Alex Kling

Dust and sand motion are a common sight on Mars. Understanding the interaction of atmosphere and Martian soil is fundamental to describe the planet's weather, climate and surface morphology. We set up a wind tunnel to study the lift of a…

The NASA InSight mission payload includes the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package HP$^3$ to measure the surface heat flow. The package was designed to use a small penetrator -- nicknamed the mole -- to implement a string of…

The illuminated dusty surface of Mars acts like a gas pump. It is driven by thermal creep at low pressure within the soil. In the top soil layer this gas flow has to be sustained by a pressure gradient. This is equivalent to a lifting force…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-22 Caroline de Beule , Gerhard Wurm , Thorben Kelling , Marc Koester , Miroslav Kocifaj

We investigate the global seasonal variations of near-surface relative humidity and relevant attributes, like temperature and water vapor volume mixing ratio on Mars using calculations from modelled and measurement data. We focus on 2 am…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 B. Pál , Á. Kereszturi , F. Forget , M. D. Smith

Context. Transition disks typically appear in resolved millimeter observations as giant dust rings surrounding their young host stars. More accurate observations with ALMA have shown several of these rings to be in fact asymmetric: they…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 S. Ataiee , P. Pinilla , A. Zsom , C. P. Dullemond , C. Dominik , J. Ghanbari

The charge released by impact ionization of fast dust grains impinging on spacecraft is at the basis of a well-known technique for dust detection by wave instruments. Since most of the impact charges are recollected by the spacecraft,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-15 N. Meyer-Vernet , M. Moncuquet , K. Issautier , A. Lecacheux

The Martian atmosphere experiences large diurnal variations due to the ~24.6 h planetary rotation and its low heat capacity. Understanding such variations on a planetary scale is limited due to the lack of observations, which are greatly…

One of the most challenging steps in planet formation theory is the one leading to the formation of planetesimals of kilometre size. A promising scenario involves the existence of vortices able to concentrate a large amount of dust and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 H. Meheut , Z. Meliani , P. Varniere , W. Benz

Much of the surface of Mars is covered by dunes, ripples, and other features formed by the blowing of sand by wind, known as saltation. In addition, saltation loads the atmosphere with dust aerosols, which dominate the Martian climate. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-19 Jasper F. Kok

Emission of dust up to a few micrometer in size by impacts of sand grains during saltation is thought to be one source of dust within the Martian atmosphere. To study this dust fraction, we carried out laboratory impact experiments. Small…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-01 Tim Becker , Jens Teiser , Teresa Jardiel , Marco Peiteado , Olga Munoz , Julia Martikainen , Juan Carlos Gomez Martin , Gerhard Wurm

We have produced a multiannual climatology of airborne dust from Martian year 24 to 31 using multiple datasets of retrieved or estimated column optical depths. The datasets are based on observations of the Martian atmosphere from April 1999…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 L. Montabone , F. Forget , E. Millour , R. J. Wilson , S. R. Lewis , B. A. Cantor , D. Kass , A. Kleinboehl , M. Lemmon , M. D. Smith , M. J. Wolff

In the early 1990s, contemporary interstellar dust penetrating deep into the heliosphere was identified with the in-situ dust detector on board the Ulysses spacecraft. Later on, interstellar dust was also identified in the data sets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Harald Krüger , Peter Strub , Nicolas Altobelli , Veerle Sterken , Ralf Srama , Eberhard Grün

A heliocentric dust ring on Venus orbit was discovered following observations by the Helios spacecraft, and then confirmed thanks to observations by STEREO and the Parker Solar Probe. The impact risk it poses needs to be evaluated for any…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Ariane Courtot , Mark Millinger