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There is an increasing interest in emulating Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic computing devices due to their low energy consumption. Recent advances have allowed training SNNs to a point where they start to compete with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Nicolas Perez-Nieves , Dan F. M. Goodman

Memristor-based Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) with temporal spike encoding enable ultra-low-energy computation, making them ideal for battery-powered intelligent devices. This paper presents a circuit-level memristive spiking neural…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Santlal Prajapati , Susmita Sur-Kolay , Soumyadeep Dutta

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is a promising energy-efficient AI model when implemented on neuromorphic hardware. However, it is a challenge to efficiently train SNNs due to their non-differentiability. Most existing methods either suffer…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Qingyan Meng , Mingqing Xiao , Shen Yan , Yisen Wang , Zhouchen Lin , Zhi-Quan Luo

Spiking neural networks are efficient computation models for low-power environments. Spike-based BP algorithms and ANN-to-SNN (ANN2SNN) conversions are successful techniques for SNN training. Nevertheless, the spike-base BP training is slow…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Jianxiong Tang , Jianhuang Lai , Xiaohua Xie , Lingxiao Yang , Wei-Shi Zheng

The success of deep learning in the past decade is partially shrouded in the shadow of adversarial attacks. In contrast, the brain is far more robust at complex cognitive tasks. Utilizing the advantage that neurons in the brain communicate…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-12 Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang , Jian K. Liu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising for neuromorphic computing, but high-performing models still rely on dense multilayer architectures with substantial communication and state-storage costs. Inspired by autapses, we propose…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Wuque Cai , Hongze Sun , Quan Tang , Shifeng Mao , Zhenxing Wang , Jiayi He , Duo Chen , Dezhong Yao , Daqing Guo

Hyper spectral images (HSI) provide rich spectral and spatial information across a series of contiguous spectral bands. However, the accurate processing of the spectral and spatial correlation between the bands requires the use of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Gourav Datta , Souvik Kundu , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal , Peter A. Beerel

Communication by rare, binary spikes is a key factor for the energy efficiency of biological brains. However, it is harder to train biologically-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) than artificial neural networks (ANNs). This is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Ana Stanojevic , Stanisław Woźniak , Guillaume Bellec , Giovanni Cherubini , Angeliki Pantazi , Wulfram Gerstner

Decoding brain signals accurately and efficiently is crucial for intra-cortical brain-computer interfaces. Traditional decoding approaches based on neural activity vector features suffer from low accuracy, whereas deep learning based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Song Yang , Haotian Fu , Herui Zhang , Peng Zhang , Wei Li , Dongrui Wu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) exhibit superior energy efficiency but suffer from limited performance. In this paper, we consider SNNs as ensembles of temporal subnetworks that share architectures and weights, and highlight a crucial issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yongqi Ding , Lin Zuo , Mengmeng Jing , Pei He , Hanpu Deng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) that enable low-power design on edge devices have recently attracted significant research. However, the temporal characteristic of SNNs causes high latency, high bandwidth and high energy consumption for the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Hong-Han Lien , Chung-Wei Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant attention as a potentially energy-efficient alternative for standard neural networks with their sparse binary activation. However, SNNs suffer from memory and computation overhead due…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Donghyun Lee , Ruokai Yin , Youngeun Kim , Abhishek Moitra , Yuhang Li , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant traction in both computational neuroscience and artificial intelligence for their potential in energy-efficient computing. In contrast, artificial neural networks (ANNs) excel at…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nhan T. Luu , Duong T. Luu , Pham Ngoc Nam , Truong Cong Thang

With the continued innovations of deep neural networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) that more closely resemble biological brain synapses have attracted attention owing to their low power consumption.However, for continuous data values,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Naoya Muramatsu , Hai-Tao Yu

With the development of hardware-optimized deployment of spiking neural networks (SNNs), SNN processors based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have become a research hotspot due to their efficiency and flexibility. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hou Yue , Xiang Shuiying , Zou Tao , Huang Zhiquan , Shi Shangxuan , Guo Xingxing , Zhang Yahui , Zheng Ling , Hao Yue

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient due to event-driven, sparse computation, but their training is challenged by spike non-differentiability and trade-offs among performance, efficiency, and biological plausibility.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zihan Huang , Zijie Xu , Yihan Huang , Shanshan Jia , Tong Bu , Yiting Dong , Wenxuan Liu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) present a promising energy efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) due to their multiplication-free operations enabled by binarized intermediate activations. However, this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xiaoting Wang , Yanxiang Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising substitute for Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) due to their advantages of fast inference and low power consumption. However, the lack of efficient training algorithms has hindered…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Tong Bu , Maohua Li , Zhaofei Yu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have demonstrated excellent capabilities in various intelligent scenarios. Most existing methods for training SNNs are based on the concept of synaptic plasticity; however, learning in the realistic brain also…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Hongze Sun , Wuque Cai , Baoxin Yang , Yan Cui , Yang Xia , Dezhong Yao , Daqing Guo

Intracortical brain-machine interfaces demand low-latency, energy-efficient solutions for neural decoding. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) deployed on neuromorphic hardware have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in neural decoding by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Francesca Rivelli , Martin Popov , Charalampos S. Kouzinopoulos , Guangzhi Tang
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