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Related papers: A tenuous, collisional atmosphere on Callisto

200 papers

We report JWST MIRI/MRS observations of the H2 S(1) 17.04 micron transition in two regions in the boundary of the Taurus Molecular Cloud. The two regions, denoted Edge (near the relatively sharp boundary of the 13CO J=1-0 emission) and Peak…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-30 Paul F. Goldsmith , Shengzhe Wang , Xin Wang , Raphael Skalidis , Gary A. Fuller , Di Li , Chao-Weo Tsai , Lile Wang , Donghui Quan

The lower solar atmosphere is an intrinsically multi-component and collisional environment with electron and proton collision frequencies in the range $10^{8}-10^{10}$ Hz, which may be considerably higher than the gyro-frequencies for both…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-04 J. Vranjes , P. S. Krstic

We examine several different simplified approaches for modelling the chemistry of CO in three-dimensional numerical simulations of turbulent molecular clouds. We compare the different models both by looking at the behaviour of integrated…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 S. C. O. Glover , P. C. Clark

HD 209458b is the prototypical hot Jupiter and one of the best targets available for precise atmosphere characterisation. Now that spectra from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are available, we can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-13 N. Bachmann , L. Kreidberg , P. Mollière , D. Deming , S. -M. Tsai

OH is a cornerstone molecule in the chemistry of interstellar and circumstellar media and is ubiquitously detected in warm gas thanks to its infrared rotational lines. However, the excitation processes of OH remain poorly characterized. We…

Aims. We present a new sub-grid model, HYACINTH -- HYdrogen And Carbon chemistry in the INTerstellar medium in Hydro simulations -- for computing the non-equilibrium abundances of ${\rm H_2}$ and its carbon-based tracers, namely ${\rm CO}$,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-02 Prachi Khatri , Cristiano Porciani , Emilio Romano-Díaz , Daniel Seifried , Alexander Schäbe

The atmospheric composition of exoplanets with masses between 2 and 10 M$_\oplus$ is poorly understood. In that regard, the sub-Neptune K2-18b, which is subject to Earth-like stellar irradiation, offers a valuable opportunity for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Doriann Blain , Benjamin Charnay , Bruno Bézard

Understanding the planetary envelope composition of sub-Neptune-type exoplanets is challenging due to the inherent degeneracy in their interior composition scenarios. Particularly, the planetary envelope's H2O/H2 ratio, which can also be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Jeehyun Yang , Renyu Hu

We present quantum dynamical calculations that describe the rotational excitation of H$_2$O due to collisions with H atoms. We used a recent, high accuracy potential energy surface, and solved the collisional dynamics with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 F. Daniel , A. Faure , P. J. Dagdigian , M. -L. Dubernet , F. lique , G. Pineau des forêts

Molecular oxygen has been the subject of many observational searches as chemical models predicted it to be a reservoir of oxygen. Although it has been detected in two regions of the interstellar medium, its rarity is a challenge for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-06-04 V. Wakelam , M. Ruaud , P. Gratier , I. A. Bonnell

The modelling of emission spectra of molecules seen in interstellar clouds requires the knowledge of collisional rate coefficients. Among the commonly observed species, N$_2$H$^+$ is of particular interest since it was shown to be a good…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 François Lique , Fabien Daniel , Laurent Pagani , Nicole Feautrier

We present hydrodynamic simulations of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) traveling through the hot, tenuous medium in the Galactic halo. A suite of models was created using the FLASH hydrodynamics code, sampling various cloud sizes, densities,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 Kyujin Kwak , David B. Henley , Robin L. Shelton

Ganymede's atmosphere is produced by charged particle sputtering and sublimation of its icy surface. Previous far-ultraviolet observations of the O{\small I\,}1356-{\AA} and O{\small I\,}1304-{\AA} oxygen emissions were used to infer…

The formation of interstellar water has been commonly accepted to occur on the surfaces of icy dust grains in dark molecular clouds at low temperatures (10-20 K), involving hydrogenation reactions of oxygen allotropes. As a result of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-10-22 Thanja Lamberts , Herma Cuppen , Gleb Fedoseev , Sergio Ioppolo , Ko-Ju Chuang , Harold Linnartz

Atmospheric characterisation of temperate sub-Neptunes is the new frontier of exoplanetary science with recent JWST observations of possible Hycean world K2-18b. Accurate modelling of atmospheric processes is essential to interpreting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 Edouard F. L. Barrier , Nikku Madhusudhan

Available JWST observations TRAPPIST-1 system have suggested that several of the planets are likely airless, or possess a very tenuous atmosphere. However, the high atmospheric escape rates expected for these planets suggest that any…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-15 Megan Gialluca , Victoria Meadows , Andrew Lincowski , Trent Thomas , Parker Hinton , David Brain , David Crisp

JWST observations of the secondary eclipse of TRAPPIST-1 b at 12.8 and 15 microns revealed a very bright dayside. These measurements are consistent with an absence of atmosphere. Previous 1D atmospheric modeling also excludes -- at first…

Condensable species are crucial in shaping planetary climate. A wide range of planetary climate systems involve understanding non-dilute condensable substances and their influence on climate dynamics. There has been progress on large-scale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Xianyu Tan , Maxence Lefevre , Raymond Pierrehumbert

Observations of spiral galaxies show a strong linear correlation between the ratio of molecular to atomic hydrogen surface density R_mol and midplane pressure. To explain this, we simulate three-dimensional, magnetized turbulence, including…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Simon C. O. Glover

A model of the collisional kinetics of energetic hydrogen atoms, molecules, and ions in pure H$_2$ discharges is used to predict H$_\alpha$ emission profiles and spatial distributions of emission from the cathode regions of low-pressure,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 A. V. Phelps