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We show that a combined analysis of CMB anisotropy power spectra obtained by the Planck satellite and luminosity distance data simultaneously excludes a flat universe and a cosmological constant at $99 \%$ CL. These results hold separately…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-17 Eleonora Di Valentino , Alessandro Melchiorri , Joseph Silk

The standard model of cosmology, {\Lambda}CDM, is the simplest model that matches the current observations, but it relies on two hypothetical components, to wit, dark matter and dark energy. Future galaxy surveys and cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-13 Cyrille Doux , Mariana Penna-Lima , Sandro D. P. Vitenti , Julien Tréguer , Eric Aubourg , Ken Ganga

Relations connecting gamma ray burst quantities can be used to constrain cosmographic parameters of the Hubble law at medium-high redshifts. We consider a sample of 27 gamma ray bursts to construct the luminosity distance to redshift…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-09 S. Capozziello , L. Izzo

An important concern in the application of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to cosmology is that the calibration of GRB luminosity/energy relations depends on the cosmological model, due to the lack of a sufficient low-redshift GRB sample. In this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Nan Liang , Wei Ke Xiao , Yuan Liu , Shuang Nan Zhang

The current cosmological model, known as the $\Lambda$-Cold Dark Matter model (or $\Lambda$CDM for short) is one of the most astonishing accomplishments of contemporary theoretical physics. It is a well-defined mathematical model which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-25 Pedro G. Ferreira , Alexander Roskill

Comparing the luminosity distance measurements to its theoretical predictions is one of the cornerstones in establishing the modern cosmology. However, as shown in Biern & Yoo, its theoretical predictions in literature are often plagued…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 Jaiyul Yoo , Fulvio Scaccabarozzi

Motivated by the dawn of precision cosmology and the wealth of forthcoming high precision and volume galaxy surveys, in this paper we study the effects of inhomogeneities on light propagation in a flat \Lambda CDM background. To this end we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Nikolai Meures , Marco Bruni

The longstanding search for the cosmological model that best describes the Universe has been made more intriguing since the recent discovery of the Hubble constant, $H_{0}$, tension observed between the value of $H_{0}$ from the Cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 G. Bargiacchi , M. G. Dainotti , S. Capozziello

Solving null-geodesic equations, behavior of angular diameter distances is studied in inhomogeneous cosmological models, which are given by performing N-body simulations with the CDM spectrum. The distances depend on the separation angle of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Kenji Tomita

There are two basic ways to measure physical distances in cosmology: One based on standard candles and one based on standard rulers. Comparing current data for each method allows us to rule out axion-photon mixing and dust-extinction as the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin Kunz , Bruce A. Bassett

Cosmological distances are fundamental observables in cosmology. The luminosity ($D_L$), angular diameter ($D_A$) and gravitational wave ($D_{\rm GW}$) distances are all trivially related in General Relativity assuming no significant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-07 Isabela Matos , Miguel Quartin , Luca Amendola , Martin Kunz , Riccardo Sturani

The $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model successfully reproduces many aspects of the galaxy and structure formation of the universe. However, the growth of large-scale structures (LSSs) in the early universe is not well tested yet with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 J. -W. Kim , M. Im , S. -K. Lee , A. C. Edge , M. Hyun , D. Kim , C. Choi , J. Hong , Y. Jeon , H. D. Jun , M. Karouzos , D. Kim , J. H. Kim , Y. Kim , W. -K. Park , Y. C. Taak , Y. Yoon

As so far, the redshift of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can extend to $z\sim 8$ which makes it as a complementary probe of dark energy to supernova Ia (SN Ia). However, the calibration of GRBs is still a big challenge when they are used to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Lixin Xu

The mass function of cluster-size halos and their redshift distribution are computed for 12 distinct accelerating cosmological scenarios and confronted to the predictions of the conventional flat $\Lambda$CDM model. The comparison with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-27 S. Basilakos , M. Plionis , J. A. S. Lima

We study the reconstructed deceleration parameter splitting the data in different redshift bins, fitting both a cosmographic luminosity distance and also assuming a flat $\Lambda$CDM model, using the Pantheon+ sample of type Ia supernova…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-20 Erick Pastén , Victor Cárdenas

For the use of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) to probe cosmology in a cosmology-independent way, a new method has been proposed to obtain luminosity distances of GRBs by interpolating directly from the Hubble diagram of SNe Ia, and then…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 He Gao , Nan Liang , Zong-Hong Zhu

Recently, in [1], we presented the first combined non-parametric reconstruction of the three time-dependent functions that capture departures from the standard cosmological model, $\Lambda$CDM, in the expansion history and gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Marco Raveri , Levon Pogosian , Matteo Martinelli , Kazuya Koyama , Alessandra Silvestri , Gong-Bo Zhao

In this paper, we place constraints on four alternative cosmological models under the assumption of the spatial flatness of the Universe: CPL, EDE, GCG and MPC. A new compilation of 120 compact radio quasars observed by very-long-baseline…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-08 Xiaolei Li , Shuo Cao , Xiaogang Zheng , Jingzhao Qi , Marek Biesiada , Zong-Hong Zhu

The distance-redshift relation depends on the amount of matter of each type in the universe. Measurements at different redshifts constrain differing combinations of these matter densities and thus may be used in combination to constrain…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Martin White

We test the validity of the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) by combining angular diameter distance and luminosity distance measurements from recent cosmological observations. For the angular diameter distance, we use data from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-10 Felipe Avila , Fernanda Oliveira , Camila Franco , Maria Lopes , Rodrigo Holanda , Rafael C. Nunes , Armando Bernui