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While a generic open quantum system decays to its steady state, continuous time crystals (CTCs) develop spontaneous oscillation and never converge to a stationary state. Just as crystals develop correlations in space, CTCs do so in time.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Parvinder Solanki , Fabrizio Minganti

Understanding quantum dynamics away from equilibrium is an outstanding challenge in the modern physical sciences. It is well known that out-of-equilibrium systems can display a rich array of phenomena, ranging from self-organized…

The notion of spontaneous symmetry breaking has been well established to characterize classical and quantum phase transitions of matter, such as in condensation, crystallization or quantum magnetism. Generalizations of this paradigm to the…

We introduce a new class of out-of-equilibrium noninteracting topological phases, the topological space-time crystals. These are time-dependent quantum systems which do not have discrete spatial translation symmetries, but instead are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Yang Peng

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are novel out-of-equilibrium quantum states of matter which break time translational symmetry. DTCs have been extensively realized in experiments, particularly their subclass that is characterized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Tianqi Chen , Ruizhe Shen , Ching Hua Lee , Bo Yang , Raditya Weda Bomantara

We present the theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of discrete time translations as recently realized in the space-time crystals of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The non-equilibrium physics related to such a…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-11-10 J. N. Stehouwer , J. Smits , P. van der Straten , H. T. C. Stoof

We present a kicked harmonic oscillator where the impulsive driving is provided by stroboscopic measurements on an ancillary degree of freedom and not by the canonical quantization of a time-dependent Hamiltonian. The ancila is dynamically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Bento Montenegro , Nadja K. Bernardes , Fernando Parisio

The interaction of light with rotating bodies has been historically limited to rotation frequencies much smaller than optical frequencies. Here, we investigate synthetic crystal rotations, i.e., spatiotemporal modulations mimicking the…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-04 Iñigo Liberal , Alejandro Manjavacas

We propose a new Floquet time crystal model that responds in arbitrary multiples of the driving period. Such an $n$-tuple discrete time crystal is theoretically constructed by permuting spins in a disordered chain and is well suited for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Hongye Yu , Tzu-Chieh Wei

Driven-dissipative many-body system supports nontrivial quantum phases absent in equilibrium. As a prominent example, the interplay between coherent driving and collective dissipation can lead to a dynamical quantum phase that spontaneously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Zhuqing Wang , Ruochen Gao , Xiaoling Wu , Berislav Buča , Klaus Mølmer , Li You , Fan Yang

Most materials freeze when cooled to sufficiently low temperature. We find that magnetic dipoles randomly distributed in a solid matrix condense into a spin liquid with spectral properties on cooling that are the diametric opposite of those…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Ghosh , R. Parthasarathy , T. F. Rosenbaum , G. Aeppli

Frustrated spin-ice systems support emergent gauge fields and fractionalized quasiparticles that act as magnetic monopoles. Although artificial platforms have enabled their direct visualization, access to their quantum-coherent dynamics has…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-20 Krzysztof Giergiel , Piotr Surówka

Many seemingly intractable systems can be reduced to a system of interacting spins. Here, we introduce a system of artificial acoustic spins which are manipulated with ultrasound excitations associated with micro-cracking sources in thin…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-10-04 H. O. Ghaffari , W. A. Griffith

The generation of non-classical states of large quantum systems has attracted much interest from a foundational perspective, but also because of the significant potential of such states in emerging quantum technologies. In this paper we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-30 Shane Dooley , Jaewoo Joo , Timothy Proctor , Timothy Spiller

For cold atomic systems, varying the optical lattice potential periodically provides a general and simple way to drive the system into phases with nontrivial topology. Besides its simplicity, this driving approach, compared to the usual…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2015-11-19 Zhongbo Yan , Bo Li , Xiaosen Yang , Shaolong Wan

Electron spins are amongst the most coherent solid-state systems known, however, to be used in devices for quantum sensing and information processing applications, they must be typically placed near interfaces. Understanding and mitigating…

Our understanding of phases of matter relies on symmetry breaking, one example being water ice whose crystalline structure breaks the continuous translation symmetry of space. Recently, breaking of time translation symmetry was observed in…

The decoherence of quantum correlation is investigated in the Heisenberg spin system with the asymmetric anisotropic interactions. The quantum entanglement and discord are used to quantify the quantumness of the correlations. By the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-09 Xiang Hao , Chunlan Ma , Jinqiao Sha

Can a closed quantum system generate persistent time-crystal-like dynamics without external driving? Within the Bateman dual oscillator framework, we show that the answer is affirmative. We consider a nonrelativistic (2+1)-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Partha Nandi , Giuseppe Vitiello

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) have emerged as novel nonequilibrium phases of matter that spontaneously break discrete time-translation symmetry in periodically driven systems. Rigorous experimental validation of DTCs, which requires highly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-24 Naoya Egawa , Kaoru Mizuta , Joji Nasu