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A central challenge in the design of energy-efficient wind farms is the presence of wake effects between turbines. When a wind turbine harvests energy from free wind, it produces a turbulent region with reduced energy for downstream…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-24 James Kotary , Natalie Isenberg , Draguna Vrabie

Downstream wind turbines operating behind upstream turbines face significant performance challenges due to reduced wind speeds and increased turbulence. This leads to decreased wind energy production and higher dynamic loads on downwind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Timothé Jard , Reda Snaiki

This paper proposes a novel approach for optimal energy and reserve scheduling of wind farms by explicitly modelling wake interactions to enhance market participation and operational efficiency. Conventional methods often neglect wake…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-14 Marin Mabboux-Fort , Majid Bastankhah , Peter C Matthews , Mokhtar Bozorg

With the rapid growth of wind power penetration, wind farms (WFs) are required to implement frequency regulation that active power control to track a given power reference. Due to the wake interaction of the wind turbines (WTs), there is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Cheng Zhong , Yicheng Ding , Husai Wang , Jikai Chen , Jian Wang , Yang Li

Wind farm flow control aims to improve wind turbine performance by reducing aerodynamic wake interaction between turbines. Dynamic, physics-based models of wind farm flows have been essential for exploring control strategies such as wake…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-15 Maarten J. van den Broek , Delphine De Tavernier , Benjamin Sanderse , Jan-Willem van Wingerden

Wind turbines located in wind farms are operated to maximize only their own power production. Individual operation results in wake losses that reduce farm energy. In this study, we operate a wind turbine array collectively to maximize total…

Offshore wind power is a renewable energy of growing relevance in current electric energy systems, presenting favorable wind conditions in comparison with the sites on land. However, the higher energy yield has to compensate the increment…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Beatriz Perez , Roberto Minguez , Raul Guanche

Within wind farms, wake effects between turbines can significantly reduce overall energy production. Wind farm flow control encompasses methods designed to mitigate these effects through coordinated turbine control. Wake steering, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Elie Kadoche , Pascal Bianchi , Florence Carton , Philippe Ciblat , Damien Ernst

The increasing integration of wind generation is accompanied with a growing concern about secure and reliable power system operation. Due to the intermittent nature of wind, the base-load units need to cycle significantly more than they…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-20 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Gregor Verbic

The rapid increase in scale and sophistication of offshore wind (OSW) farms poses a critical challenge related to the cost-effective operation and management of wind energy assets. A defining characteristic of this challenge is the economic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Petros Papadopoulos , Farnaz Fallahi , Murat Yildirim , Ahmed Aziz Ezzat

Improving the power output from wind farms is vital in transitioning to renewable electricity generation. However, in wind farms, wind turbines often operate in the wake of other turbines, leading to a reduction in the wind speed and the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-31 Andrew Mole , Sylvain Laizet

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) are set to significantly contribute to global decarbonization efforts. Developers often use a sequential approach to optimize design variables and market participation for grid-integrated offshore wind farms.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Himanshu Sharma , Wei Wang , Bowen Huang , Buxin She , Thiagarajan Ramachandaran

Active yaw control (AYC) of wind turbines has been widely applied to increase the annual energy production (AEP) of a wind farm. AYC efficiency depends on the wind direction and the wind farm layout because an AYC method utilizes wake…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Jeonghwan Song , Taewan Kim , Donghyun You

The global transition towards renewable energy has accelerated the deployment of utility-scale wind farms, increasing the need for accurate performance and economic assessments. Although wind energy offers substantial potential for carbon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Ann Mary Toms , Xingpeng Li

We develop a methodology for combined power and loads optimization by coupling a surrogate loads model with an analytical quasi-static Gaussian wake merging model. The look-up table based fatigue model is developed offline through a series…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Ishaan Sood , Christophe del Fosse et d'Espierres , Johan Meyers

This study assesses global offshore wind energy resources, wake-induced losses, array layout optimisation potential and climate change impacts. Global offshore ambient potential is first mapped based on reanalysis data. Wake-induced losses…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Simon C Warder , Matthew D Piggott

Wake steering, the intentional yaw misalignment of certain turbines in an array, has demonstrated potential as a wind farm control approach to increase collective power. Existing algorithms optimize the yaw misalignment angle set-points…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-19 Michael F. Howland

Co-locating horizontal- and vertical-axis wind turbines has been recently proposed as a possible approach to enhance the land-area power density of wind farms. In this work, we aim to study the benefits associated with such a co-location…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-09-23 Michael Hansen , Peter Enevoldsen , Mahdi Abkar

Successful development of wind farms relies on the optimal siting of wind turbines to maximize the power capacity under stochastic wind conditions and wake losses caused by neighboring turbines. This paper presents a novel method to quickly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Aditya Dhoot , Enrico G. A. Antonini , David A. Romero , Cristina H. Amon

Wind farms are a crucial driver toward the generation of ecological and renewable energy. Due to their rapid increase in capacity, contemporary wind farms need to adhere to strict constraints on power output to ensure stability of the…

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