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The minimum error probability for distinguishing between two quantum states is bounded by the Helstrom limit, derived under the assumption that measurement strategies are restricted to positive operator-valued measurements. We explore…
Improved measurement techniques are central to technological development and foundational scientific exploration. Quantum optics relies upon detectors sensitive to non-classical features of light, enabling precise tests of physical laws and…
The production of pairs of entangled photons simply by focusing a laser beam onto a crystal with a non-linear optical response was used to test quantum mechanics and to open new approaches in imaging. The development of the latter was…
Classical imaging works by scattering photons from an object to be imaged, and achieves resolution scaling as $1/\sqrt{t}$, with $t$ the imaging time. By contrast, the laws of quantum mechanics allow one to utilize quantum coherence to…
Quantum Telescope is a recent idea aimed at beating the diffraction limit of spaceborne telescopes and possibly also other distant target imaging systems. There is no agreement yet on the best setup of such devices, but some configurations…
Quantum entanglement has been generated and verified in cold-atom experiments and used to make atom-interferometric measurements below the shot-noise limit. However, current state-of-the-art cold-atom devices exploit separable (i.e.…
Quantum illumination leverages entangled lights to detect the presence of low-reflectivity objects within a thermal environment. In a related vein, quantum parameter estimation utilizes nonclassical probes to precisely determine unknown…
We study the discrimination of weak coherent states of light with significant overlaps by nondestructive measurements on the light states through measuring atomic states that are entangled to the coherent states via dipole coupling. In this…
The detection of objects in the presence of significant background noise is a problem of fundamental interest in sensing. In this work, we theoretically analyze a prototype target detection protocol, the quantum temporal correlation (QTC)…
Entanglement and quantum correlations are central to the physics of quantum materials, yet they have remained notoriously difficult to probe experimentally. Probing these phenomena in solids requires quantum optical probes that operate at…
Detecting object with low reflectivity embedded within a noisy background is a challenging task. Quantum correlations between pairs of quantum states of light, though are highly sensitive to background noise and losses, offer advantages…
Advances in quantum technologies are accelerating the demand for optical quantum state sensors that combine high precision, versatility, and scalability within a unified hardware platform. Quantum reservoir computing offers a powerful route…
The security analysis of quantum key distribution is difficult to perform when there is efficiency mismatch between various threshold detectors involved in an experimental setup. Even the verification that the device actually performs in…
Loss and noise quickly destroy quantum entanglement. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that a quadrature-entangled light source can reap a substantial performance advantage over all classical-state sources of the same average transmitter…
Quantum entanglement, after playing a significant role in the development of the foundations of quantum mechanics, has been recently rediscovered as a new physical resource with potential commercial applications such as, for example,…
Quantum Sensing is a rapidly growing branch of research within the area of quantum science and technology offering key resources, beyond classical ones, with potential for commercialisation of novel (quantum) sensors. The exploitation of…
Quantum hypothesis testing is one of the most fundamental problems in quantum information theory, with crucial implications in areas like quantum sensing, where it has been used to prove quantum advantage in a series of binary photonic…
A practical quantum measurement method based on the quantum nature of anti-bunching photon emission has been developed to detect single particles without the restriction of the diffraction limit. By simultane- ously counting the…
Quantum computational approaches to some classic target identification and localization algorithms, especially for radar images, are investigated, and are found to raise a number of quantum statistics and quantum measurement issues with…
We have investigated high-precision measurements, beyond the standard quantum limit, utilizing non-classical states. Although entanglement has been considered a resource for achieving the Heisenberg limit in measurements, we show that any…