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Related papers: High-Frequency Instabilities of Stokes Waves

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We address Euler's equations for irrotational gravity waves in an infinitely deep fluid rewritten in conformal variables. Stokes waves are traveling waves with the smooth periodic profile. In agreement with the previous numerical results,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Sergey Dyachenko , Dmitry E. Pelinovsky

We introduce a new model equation for Stokes gravity waves based on conformal transformations of Euler's equations. The local version of the model equation is relevant for dynamics of shallow water waves. It allows us to characterize the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Spencer Locke , Dmitry E. Pelinovsky

We generalize the periodic Evans function approach recently used to study the spectral stability of Stokes wave and gravity-capillary (including Wilton ripples) in water of finite depth to study spectral stability of Stokes waves in water…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Zhao Yang

We investigate the Benjamin-Feir (or modulational) instability of Stokes waves, i.e., small-amplitude, one-dimensional periodic gravity waves of permanent form and constant velocity, in water of finite and infinite depth. We develop a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-22 Ryan Creedon , Bernard Deconinck

The well-known Stokes waves refer to periodic traveling waves under the gravity at the free surface of a two dimensional full water wave system. In this paper, we prove that small-amplitude Stokes waves with infinite depth are nonlinearly…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Gong Chen , Qingtang Su

We investigate the Benjamin-Feir instability of small-amplitude gravity-capillary Stokes waves in deep water for the full water wave equations. While modulational instability has been classically predicted by formal asymptotic approaches,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ting-Yang Hsiao , Xinyang Wang

A Stokes wave is a traveling free-surface periodic water wave that is constant in the direction transverse to the direction of propagation. In 1981 McLean discovered via numerical methods that Stokes waves are unstable with respect to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Ryan P. Creedon , Huy Q. Nguyen , Walter A. Strauss

We prove that all irrotational planar periodic traveling waves of sufficiently small-amplitude are spectrally unstable as solutions to three-dimensional inviscid finite-depth gravity water-waves equations.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Ziang Jiao , L. Miguel Rodrigues , Changzhen Sun , Zhao Yang

This paper fully answers a long standing open question concerning the stability/instability of pure gravity periodic traveling water waves -- called Stokes waves -- at the critical Whitham-Benjamin depth $ \mathtt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle WB}…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-26 Massimiliano Berti , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura

Stokes waves are steady periodic water waves on the free surface of an infinitely deep irrotational two dimensional flow under gravity without surface tension. They can be described in terms of solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equation of a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Eugene Shargorodsky

It is proven that small-amplitude steady periodic water waves with infinite depth are unstable with respect to long-wave perturbations. This modulational instability was first observed more than half a century ago by Benjamin and Feir. It…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Huy Q. Nguyen , Walter A. Strauss

We prove that a Stokes' periodic wave of sufficiently small amplitude, traveling under gravity at the free surface of a two dimensional, infinitely deep, and irrotational flow, is spectrally unstable to slow modulation, rigorously…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-18 Vera Mikyoung Hur

We consider a full set of harmonics for the Stokes wave in deep water in the absence of viscosity, and examine the role that higher harmonics play in modifying the classical Benjamin-Feir instability. Using a representation of the wave…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-04-26 Shahrdad G. Sajjadi , David L. Ross

This paper studies the nonlinear stability of capillary-gravity waves propagating along the interface dividing two immiscible fluid layers of finite depth. The motion in both regions is governed by the incompressible and irrotational Euler…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Robin Ming Chen , Samuel Walsh

The study of the Euler equations in flows with constant vorticity has piqued the curiosity of a considerable number of researchers over the years. Much research has been conducted on this subject under the assumption of steady flow. In this…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-26 Eduardo M. Castro , Marcelo V. Flamarion , Roberto Ribeiro-Jr

The problem of existence of stable nonlinear groups of gravity waves in deep water is revised by means of laboratory and numerical simulations with the focus on intense waves. Wave groups with steepness up to $A_{cr} \omega_m^2 /g \approx…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-03-30 Alexey Slunyaev , Günther F. Clauss , Marco Klein , Miguel Onorato

We prove variational instability for small-amplitude solutions to the periodic irrotational gravity water wave problem in finite depth. Our results are based on a reformation of the water wave problem as a pseudo-differential Euler-Lagrange…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Florian Kogelbauer

A Stokes wave is a traveling free-surface periodic water wave that is constant in the direction transverse to the direction of propagation. In 1981 McLean discovered via numerical methods that Stokes waves at infinite depth are unstable…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Ryan P. Creedon , Huy Q. Nguyen , W. A. Strauss

We study the spectral stability of small-amplitude Stokes waves in a family of weakly nonlinear, unidirectional models of the form $u_t + L u + (u^2)_x = 0$. We introduce a perturbation method to expand the spectral data in wave amplitude…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Benjamin Akers , Ryan P. Creedon

We investigate the spectral instability of a $2\pi/\kappa$ periodic Stokes wave of sufficiently small amplitude, traveling in water of unit depth, under gravity. Numerical evidence suggests instability whenever the unperturbed wave is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Vera Mikyoung Hur , Zhao Yang
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