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Neural networks are increasingly deployed in real-world safety-critical domains such as autonomous driving, aircraft collision avoidance, and malware detection. However, these networks have been shown to often mispredict on inputs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Shiqi Wang , Kexin Pei , Justin Whitehouse , Junfeng Yang , Suman Jana

In this paper we first present a class of algorithms for training multi-level neural networks with a quadratic cost function one layer at a time starting from the input layer. The algorithm is based on the fact that for any layer to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Eugene Wong

Deep Neural Networks are increasingly adopted in critical tasks that require a high level of safety, e.g., autonomous driving. While state-of-the-art verifiers can be employed to check whether a DNN is unsafe w.r.t. some given property…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Luca Marzari , Davide Corsi , Ferdinando Cicalese , Alessandro Farinelli

This article presents the first results from using a learning classifier system capable of performing adaptive computation with deep neural networks. Individual classifiers within the population are composed of two neural networks. The…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Richard J. Preen , Larry Bull

We propose a new approach to promote safety in classification tasks with established concepts. Our approach -- called a conceptual safeguard -- acts as a verification layer for models that predict a target outcome by first predicting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hailey Joren , Charles Marx , Berk Ustun

Network traffic classification (NTC) is vital for efficient network management, security, and performance optimization, particularly with 5G/6G technologies. Traditional methods, such as deep packet inspection (DPI) and port-based…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ehsan Eslami , Walaa Hamouda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a subclass of neuromorphic models that have great potential to be used as controllers in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) due to their energy efficiency. They can benefit from the prevalent approach of first…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Arkaprava Gupta , Sumana Ghosh , Ansuman Banerjee , Swarup Kumar Mohalik

Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly applied in safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles. However, they are fragile and are often ill-behaved. Consequently, their behaviors should undergo rigorous guarantees before deployment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhen Liang , Dejin Ren , Wanwei Liu , Ji Wang , Wenjing Yang , Bai Xue

Safety is a fundamental requirement for autonomous systems operating in critical domains. Control barrier functions (CBFs) have been used to design safety filters that minimally alter nominal controls for such systems to maintain their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yuxuan Yang , Hussein Sibai

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising tool for developing controllers for real world systems (e.g., robotics, autonomous driving, etc.). However, real systems often have constraints imposed on their state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Akshita Gupta , Inseok Hwang

Neural networks hold great potential to act as approximate models of nonlinear dynamical systems, with the resulting neural approximations enabling verification and control of such systems. However, in safety-critical contexts, the use of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Frederik Baymler Mathiesen , Nikolaus Vertovec , Francesco Fabiano , Luca Laurenti , Alessandro Abate

Despite the power of deep neural networks for a wide range of tasks, an overconfident prediction issue has limited their practical use in many safety-critical applications. Many recent works have been proposed to mitigate this issue, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Jooyoung Moon , Jihyo Kim , Younghak Shin , Sangheum Hwang

Deep neural networks have become widely used, obtaining remarkable results in domains such as computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, audio recognition, social network filtering, machine translation, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Divya Gopinath , Guy Katz , Corina S. Pasareanu , Clark Barrett

In this paper, we propose Selective Output Smoothing Regularization, a novel regularization method for training the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Inspired by the diverse effects on training from different samples, Selective Output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Xuan Cheng , Tianshu Xie , Xiaomin Wang , Qifeng Weng , Minghui Liu , Jiali Deng , Ming Liu

In this paper, a secure Convolutional Neural Network classifier is proposed using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). The secure classifier provides a user with the ability to out-source the computations to a powerful cloud server and/or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Thomas Shortell , Ali Shokoufandeh

We examine the stability of loss-minimizing training processes that are used for deep neural networks (DNN) and other classifiers. While a classifier is optimized during training through a so-called loss function, the performance of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Leonid Berlyand , Pierre-Emmanuel Jabin , C. Alex Safsten

Neural Networks are used today in numerous security- and safety-relevant domains and are, as such, a popular target of attacks that subvert their classification capabilities, by manipulating the network parameters. Prior work has introduced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Amel Nestor Docena , Thomas Wahl , Trevor Pearce , Yunsi Fei

Improvements in software defined networking allow for policy to be informed and modified by data-driven applications that can adjust policy to accommodate fluctuating requirements at line speed. However, there is some concern that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yi Lyu , Shichun Yu , Joe Catudal

In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a neural network controller for a system required to satisfy a Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specification. We exploit STL quantitative semantics to define a notion of robust satisfaction.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-14 Wenliang Liu , Wei Xiao , Calin Belta

Increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling processes from Machine Learning are being used to analyse complex data. However, the performance and explainability of these models within practical critical systems requires a rigorous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xingyu Zhao , Alec Banks , James Sharp , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Michael Fisher , Xiaowei Huang