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Protostellar cores located near supernova remnants are considered potential analogues of the birth environment of the solar system. However, the extent to which supernovae influence their chemical evolution remains unclear. We report the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-14 Takashi Shimonishi , Hidetoshi Sano , Kenji Furuya , Yoko Oya

We present the results of a spectral-line survey of the W51e1/e2 star-forming region at 68-88 GHz. 79 molecules and their isotopologues were detected, from simple diatomic or triatomic molecules, such as SO, SiO, and CCH, to complex organic…

The different spatial distributions of N-bearing and O-bearing species, as is well known towards Orion~KL, is one of the long-lasting mysteries. We conducted a survey observation and chemical modeling study to investigate if the different…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Taiki Suzuki , Masatoshi Ohishi , Masao Saito , Tomoya Hirota , Liton Majumdar , Valentine Wakelam

Formamide (NH2CHO) has been proposed as a pre-biotic precursor with a key role in the emergence of life on Earth. While this molecule has been observed in space, most of its detections correspond to high-mass star-forming regions. Motivated…

Methyl isocyanate (CH$_{3}$NCO) belongs to a select group of interstellar molecules considered to be relevant precursors in the formation of larger organic compounds, including those with peptide bonds. The molecule has only been detected…

This paper presents the first substantial study of the chemistry of the envelopes around a sample of 18 low-mass pre- and protostellar objects for which physical properties have previously been derived from radiative transfer modeling of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. K. Jorgensen , F. L. Schoeier , E. F. van Dishoeck

We have imaged emission from the millimeter lines of eight molecules--C2H, C34S, N2H+, CH3OH, HNCO, HNC, HC3N, and SO--in the central half kpc of the nearby spiral galaxy IC 342. The 5" (~50 pc) resolution images were made with OVRO. Using…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 David S. Meier , Jean L. Turner

Amino acids are essential for the synthesis of protein. Amino acids contain both amine (R$-$NH$_{2}$) and carboxylic acid (R$-$COOH) functional groups, which help to understand the possible formation mechanism of life in the universe. Among…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-15 Arijit Manna , Sabyasachi Pal

Star formation is a series of mass assembly processes and starless cores, those cold and dense condensations in molecular clouds, play a pivotal role as initial seeds of stars. With only a limited sample of known starless cores, however,…

Glycolaldehyde (HOCH$_2$CHO) and ethylene glycol ((CH$_2$OH)$_2$) are two complex organic molecules detected in the hot cores and hot corinos of several star-forming regions. The ethylene glycol/glycolaldehyde abundance ratio seems to show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 A. Coutens , S. Viti , J. M. C. Rawlings , M. T. Beltrán , J. Holdship , I. Jiménez-Serra , D. Quénard , V. M. Rivilla

We present early results from our program of ALMA Band 6 (1.3mm) molecular line mapping of a sample of nearby, well-studied examples of high-excitation, bipolar/pinched-waist and molecule-rich planetary nebulae (Hubble 5 and NGC 2440, 2818,…

We used ALMA to perform a line survey of the high-mass star forming region Sgr B2(N), called ReMoCA. We modeled under the assumption of LTE the spectra obtained toward the sources embedded in the secondary hot core Sgr B2(N2). We compared…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-25 A. Belloche , R. T. Garrod , H. S. P. Müller , N. J. Morin , S. A. Willis , K. M. Menten

Simple molecules like H2CO and CH3OH in protoplanetary disks are the starting point for the production of more complex organic molecules. So far, the observed chemical complexity in disks has been limited due to freeze out of molecules onto…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Nienke van der Marel , Ewine F. van Dishoeck , Simon Bruderer , Tim A. van Kempen

Gas-phase complex organic molecules are commonly detected toward high-mass protostellar hot cores. Detections toward low-mass protostars and outflows are comparatively rare, and a larger sample is key to investigate how the chemistry…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Karin I. Oberg , Nienke van der Marel , Lars E. Kristensen , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

In the study of high-mass star formation, hot cores are empirically defined stages where chemically rich emission is detected toward a massive YSO. It is unknown whether the physical origin of this emission is a disk, inner envelope, or…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 V. Allen , F. F. S. van der Tak , Á. Sánchez-Monge , R. Cesaroni , M. T. Beltrán

We present a study of chemistry toward 294 dense cores in 12 molecular clumps using the data obtained from the ALMA Survey of 70 $\mu \rm m$ dark High-mass clumps in Early Stages (ASHES). We identified 97 protostellar cores and 197…

We present a pilot survey of 21 lines of sight towards UCHII regions in the H2CO 1-1 (6cm) and 2-2 (2cm) transitions, using the H2CO centimeter lines as a molecular gas densitometer. Using Arecibo and Green Bank beam-matched observations,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-07-27 Adam Ginsburg , Jeremy Darling , Cara Battersby , Ben Zeiger , John Bally

W43-MM1 is a young region, very rich in terms of high-mass star formation. We aim to systematically identify the massive cores which contain a hot core and compare their molecular composition. We used ALMA high-spatial resolution (2500 au)…