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The MERTIS (MErcury Radiometer and Thermal Infrared Spectrometer) instrument onboard the ESA/JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide mid-infrared data, which will be crucial to characterize the surface mineralogy of Mercury. In order to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-21 A. Morlok , S. Klemme , I. Weber , A. N. Stojic , M. Sohn , H. Hiesinger , J. Helbert

We present a direct measurement of the nanoscale dynamics of plasma mirrors using wavefront measurement techniques. This two-dimensional measurement, performed via pump-probe diagnostics, enables the reconstruction of the three-dimensional…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Sk Rakeeb , Sagar Dam , Ameya Parab , Amit Lad , Yash M. Ved , G. Ravindra Kumar

We analyse observational signatures of magnetic fields for simulations of a Milky-Way like disc with supernova-driven interstellar turbulence and self-consistent chemical processes. In particular, we post-process two simulations data sets…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-29 Yoan Rappaz , Jennifer Schober , Philipp Girichidis

We characterize the nature of magnetic structures in the foreshock region of Mars associated with discontinuities in the solar wind. The structures form at the upstream edge of moving foreshocks caused by slow rotations in the…

We present a statistical analysis on the variability of the incompressible energy cascade rate in the solar wind around Mars, making use of an exact relation for fully developed turbulence and more than five years of Mars Atmosphere and…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Norberto Romanelli , Nahuel Andres , Gina DiBraccio

The comprehensive suite of scientific instruments with high temporal resolution measurements on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft allowed studies of the structure and properties of the dayside magnetosphere of…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-09-28 Oleg Vaisberg , Sergey Shuvalov , Eduard Dubinin , Konstantin Kim

A pump-probe polarimetric technique is demonstrated, which provides a complete, temporally and spatially-resolved mapping of the megagauss magnetic fields generated in intense short-pulse laser-plasma interactions. A normally-incident…

We use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to study the nonlinear evolution of ion velocity space instabilities in an idealized problem in which a background velocity shear continuously amplifies the magnetic field. We simulate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Mario Riquelme , Eliot Quataert , Daniel Verscharen

Mars lacks a global magnetic field, and instead possesses small-scale crustal magnetic fields, making its magnetic environment fundamentally different from intrinsic magnetospheres like those of Earth or Saturn. Here we report the discovery…

Observations of Neptune, made in 2018 using the new Narrow Field Adaptive Optics mode of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) from 0.48 - 0.93 micron, are analysed here to determine the…

The 'Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun' (ARTEMIS) mission provides a unique opportunity to study the structure of interplanetary shocks and the associated generation of plasma…

Space Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 L. Davis , C. A. Cattell , L. B. Wilson , Z. A. Cohen , A. W. Breneman , E. L. M. Hanson

We use the plasma density based on measurements of the probe-to-spacecraft potential in combination with magnetic field measurements by MAG to study fields and density fluctuations in the solar wind observed by Solar Orbiter during the…

The Sun and the undisturbed interstellar magnetic field and plasma velocity vectors (Bis,Vis) define a mirror symmetry plane of the flow at large heliospheric distances. We show that for the Bis direction defined by IBEX Ribbon center, the…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-02-13 Jolanta Grygorczuk , Andrzej Czechowski , Stan Grzedzielski

The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013-2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania's…

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous structures throughout the universe. Shock waves in space and astrophysical plasmas convert the energy of a fast-flowing plasma to other forms of energy, including thermal and magnetic energies. Plasma…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Hadi Madanian , Imogen Gingell , Li-Jen Chen , Eli Monyek

In the next decade, two rovers will characterize in situ the mineralogy of rocks on Mars, using for the first time near-infrared reflectance spectrometers: SuperCam onboard the Mars 2020 rover and MicrOmega onboard the ExoMars rover,…

In astronomy and microscopy, distortions in the wavefront affect the dynamic range of a high contrast imaging system. These aberrations are either imposed by a turbulent medium such as the atmosphere, by static or thermal aberrations in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Benjamin Pope , Nick Cvetojevic , Anthony Cheetham , Frantz Martinache , Barnaby Norris , Peter Tuthill

Hybrid-kinetic numerical simulations of firehose and mirror instabilities in a collisionless plasma are performed in which pressure anisotropy is driven as the magnetic field is changed by a persistent linear shear $S$. For a decreasing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Matthew W. Kunz , Alexander A. Schekochihin , James M. Stone

We present a statistical analysis of electrostatic solitary waves observed aboard Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft in the Earth's magnetosheath. Applying single-spacecraft interferometry to several hundred solitary waves collected in…

Mars lacks a global intrinsic dipole magnetic field, but its interaction with the solar wind generates a global induced magnetosphere. Until now, most studies have relied on single-spacecraft measurements, which could not simultaneously…