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Related papers: Layer 2 Blockchain Scaling: a Survey

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In the past decade, blockchain has shown a promising vision greatly to build the trust without any powerful third party in a secure, decentralized and salable manner. However, due to the wide application and future development from…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Bin Cao , Zixin Wang , Long Zhang , Daquan Feng , Mugen Peng , Lei Zhang

Blockchain has become a popular emergent technology in many industries. It is suitable for a broad range of applications, from its base role as an immutable distributed ledger to the deployment of distributed applications. Many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Inwon Kang , Aparna Gupta , Oshani Seneviratne

Blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum have revolutionized digital transactions, yet scalability issues persist. Layer 2 solutions, such as validity proof Rollups (ZK-Rollups), aim to address these challenges by processing transactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Stefanos Chaliasos , Denis Firsov , Benjamin Livshits

The application of Bitcoin enables people to understand blockchain technology gradually. Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that does not rely on third-party credit institutions, and the core of Bitcoin's underlying technology is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuhuan Yang , Shipeng Ye , Xiaoqi Li

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies are gaining the interest of the academy, companies, and institutions. Nonetheless, the path toward blockchain adoption is not straightforward, as blockchain is a complex technology that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Vittorio Capocasale , Guido Perboli

The widespread adoption of blockchain technology has amplified the spectrum of potential threats to its integrity and security. The ongoing quest to exploit vulnerabilities emphasizes how critical it is to expand on current research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kaustubh Dwivedi , Ankit Agrawal , Ashutosh Bhatia , Kamlesh Tiwari

Blockchain technology transformed the digital sphere by providing a transparent, secure, and decentralized platform for data security across a range of industries, including cryptocurrencies and supply chain management. Blockchain's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Bilash Saha , Md Mehedi Hasan , Nafisa Anjum , Sharaban Tahora , Aiasha Siddika , Hossain Shahriar

Since the emergence of blockchain technology, its application in the financial market has always been an area of focus and exploration by all parties. With the characteristics of anonymity, trust, tamper-proof, etc., blockchain technology…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-04-21 Ji Liu , Zheng Xu , Yanmei Zhang , Wei Dai , Hao Wu , Shiping Chen

As an emerging technology, blockchain has achieved great success in numerous application scenarios, from intelligent healthcare to smart cities. However, a long-standing bottleneck hindering its further development is the massive resource…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Yinqiu Liu , Kai Qian , Jianli Chen , Kun Wang , Lei He

Blockchain technologies are gaining massive momentum in the last few years. Blockchains are distributed ledgers that enable parties who do not fully trust each other to maintain a set of global states. The parties agree on the existence,…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Tien Tuan Anh Dinh , Rui Liu , Meihui Zhang , Gang Chen , Beng Chin Ooi , Ji Wang

Layer 2 (L2) protocols, payment channels, sidechains, and rollups, are central to blockchain scalability, enabling off-chain execution while preserving on-chain security. Despite growing deployment, existing security models remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zeta Avarikioti , Matteo Maffei , Yuheng Wang

The rise of blockchain technology within a few years has attracted researchers across the world. The prime reason for worldwide attention is undoubtedly due to its feature of immutability along with the decentralized approach of data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Saqib Hakak , Wazir Zada Khan , Gulshan Amin Gilkar , Basem Assiri , Mamoun Alazab , Sweta Bhattacharya , G Thippa Reddy

Recommender systems have been widely used in different application domains including energy-preservation, e-commerce, healthcare, social media, etc. Such applications require the analysis and mining of massive amounts of various types of…

Blockchain is a decentralized transaction and data management solution, the technological weapon-of-choice behind the success of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. As the number and variety of existing blockchain implementations continues…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Martin Garriga , Maximiliano Arias , Alan De Renzis

Blockchain has recently been able to draw wider attention throughout the research community. Since its emergence, the world has seen the mind-blowing expansion of this new technology, which was initially developed as a pawn of digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Ziaur Rahman , Xun Yi , Sk. Tanzir Mehedi , Rafiqul Islam , Andrei Kelarev

Big data has generated strong interest in various scientific and engineering domains over the last few years. Despite many advantages and applications, there are many challenges in big data to be tackled for better quality of service, e.g.,…

Blockchain is one of the most discussed and highly accepted technologies, primarily due to its application in almost every field where third parties are needed for trust. Blockchain technology relies on distributed consensus for trust,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Arman Rasoodl Faridi , Faraz Masood , Ali Haider Thabet Shamsan , Mohammad Luqman , Monir Yahya Salmony

This research critically analyses blockchain scaling solutions based on their ability to realistically balance the properties of the blockchain trilemma. We have concluded this research by outlining a gap in the current body of literature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Frazer Chard , Cayo Fletcher-Smith

With the rise of cryptocurrency and NFTs in the past decade, blockchain technology has been an area of increasing interest to both industry and academic experts. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of such systems through the lens of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Angela Li , Guanqun Song , Ting Zhu

Access to the system resources. The current access control systems face many problems, such as the presence of the third-party, inefficiency, and lack of privacy. These problems can be addressed by blockchain, the technology that received…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Sara Rouhani , Ralph Deters