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Discrete diffusion models (DDMs) are a powerful class of generative models for categorical data, but they typically require many function evaluations for a single sample, making inference expensive. Existing acceleration methods either rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yansong Gao , Yu Sun

Denoising diffusion models are a popular class of generative models providing state-of-the-art results in many domains. One adds gradually noise to data using a diffusion to transform the data distribution into a Gaussian distribution.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Francisco Vargas , Will Grathwohl , Arnaud Doucet

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have achieved strong generative performance, yet their inductive biases remain largely implicit. In this work, we aim to build inductive biases into the training and sampling of diffusion models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Luca Scimeca , Thomas Jiralerspong , Berton Earnshaw , Jason Hartford , Yoshua Bengio

As diffusion models become increasingly popular, the misuse of copyrighted and private images has emerged as a major concern. One promising solution to mitigate this issue is identifying the contribution of specific training samples in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jinxu Lin , Linwei Tao , Minjing Dong , Chang Xu

Generative models can be categorized into two types: explicit generative models that define explicit density forms and allow exact likelihood inference, such as score-based diffusion models (SDMs) and normalizing flows; implicit generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-06 Jingwei Zhang , Han Shi , Jincheng Yu , Enze Xie , Zhenguo Li

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as one of the most promising frameworks for deep generative modelling, due to their state-of-the art performance in many generation tasks while relying on mathematical foundations such as stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Teo Deveney , Jan Stanczuk , Lisa Maria Kreusser , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Diffusion model-based inverse problem solvers have shown impressive performance, but are limited in speed, mostly as they require reverse diffusion sampling starting from noise. Several recent works have tried to alleviate this problem by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Jong Chul Ye

The training of score-based diffusion models (SDMs) is based on score matching. The challenge of score matching is that it includes a computationally expensive Jacobian trace. While several methods have been proposed to avoid this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Genki Osada , Makoto Shing , Takashi Nishide

This work presents the first systematic development of Stein's method for matrix distributions. We establish the basic essential ingredients of Stein's method for matrix normal approximation: we derive a generator-based Stein identity from…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Robert E. Gaunt , Frédéric Ouimet , Donald Richards

Diffusion models (DMs) have made significant progress in the fields of image, audio, and video generation. One downside of DMs is their slow iterative process. Recent algorithms for fast sampling are designed from the perspective of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-12 Shigui Li , Wei Chen , Delu Zeng

Score-based diffusion models generate new samples by learning the score function associated with a diffusion process. While the effectiveness of these models can be theoretically explained using differential equations related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Doheon Kim

In this paper, we elucidate the geometry of Stein's method of moments (SMoM). SMoM is a parameter estimation method based on the Stein operator, and yields a wide class of estimators that do not depend on the normalizing constant. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Mitsuki Nagai , Keisuke Yano

Consistency models have been proposed for fast generative modeling, achieving results competitive with diffusion and flow models. However, these methods exhibit inherent instability and limited reproducibility when training from scratch,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Youngjoong Kim , Duhoe Kim , Woosung Kim , Jaesik Park

Flow Matching (FM) (also referred to as stochastic interpolants or rectified flows) stands out as a class of generative models that aims to bridge in finite time the target distribution $\nu^\star$ with an auxiliary distribution $\mu$,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-16 Marta Gentiloni Silveri , Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus

Representing probability distributions by the gradient of their density functions has proven effective in modeling a wide range of continuous data modalities. However, this representation is not applicable in discrete domains where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Chenlin Meng , Kristy Choi , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Score-based generative models, which transform noise into data by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone of modern generative AI. This paper contributes to establishing theoretical guarantees for the probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-03 Jiaqi Tang , Yuling Yan

Reverse sampling and score-distillation have emerged as main workhorses in recent years for image manipulation using latent diffusion models (LDMs). While reverse diffusion sampling often requires adjustments of LDM architecture or feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jeongsol Kim , Geon Yeong Park , Jong Chul Ye

We explain how to use diffusion models to learn inverse renormalization group flows of statistical and quantum field theories. Diffusion models are a class of machine learning models which have been used to generate samples from complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-07 Jordan Cotler , Semon Rezchikov

Crystal Structure Prediction (CSP) is crucial in various scientific disciplines. While CSP can be addressed by employing currently-prevailing generative models (e.g. diffusion models), this task encounters unique challenges owing to the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-08 Rui Jiao , Wenbing Huang , Peijia Lin , Jiaqi Han , Pin Chen , Yutong Lu , Yang Liu

While generative diffusion models excel in producing high-quality images, they can also be misused to mimic authorized images, posing a significant threat to AI systems. Efforts have been made to add calibrated perturbations to protect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Haotian Xue , Chumeng Liang , Xiaoyu Wu , Yongxin Chen