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We study the approximation capacity of some variation spaces corresponding to shallow ReLU$^k$ neural networks. It is shown that sufficiently smooth functions are contained in these spaces with finite variation norms. For functions with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Yunfei Yang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We analyze a simple one-hidden-layer neural network with ReLU activation functions and fixed biases, with one-dimensional input and output. We study both continuous and discrete versions of the model, and we rigorously prove the convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Fabricio Macià , Shu Nakamura

Recently, deep learning has been widely applied in functional data analysis (FDA) with notable empirical success. However, the infinite dimensionality of functional data necessitates an effective dimension reduction approach for functional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Zhongjie Shi , Jun Fan , Linhao Song , Ding-Xuan Zhou , Johan A. K. Suykens

We study the expressive power of deep ReLU neural networks for approximating functions in dilated shift-invariant spaces, which are widely used in signal processing, image processing, communications and so on. Approximation error bounds are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yunfei Yang , Zhen Li , Yang Wang

Distribution regression seeks to estimate the conditional distribution of a multivariate response given a continuous covariate. This approach offers a more complete characterization of dependence than traditional regression methods.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Rong Tang , Yun Yang

We theoretically discuss why deep neural networks (DNNs) performs better than other models in some cases by investigating statistical properties of DNNs for non-smooth functions. While DNNs have empirically shown higher performance than…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-10 Masaaki Imaizumi , Kenji Fukumizu

We consider the regression problem of estimating functions on $\mathbb{R}^D$ but supported on a $d$-dimensional manifold $ \mathcal{M} \subset \mathbb{R}^D $ with $ d \ll D $. Drawing ideas from multi-resolution analysis and nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-14 Wenjing Liao , Mauro Maggioni , Stefano Vigogna

Deep neural network (DNN) regression models are widely used in applications requiring state-of-the-art predictive accuracy. However, until recently there has been little work on accurate uncertainty quantification for predictions from such…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-07 Nadja Klein , David J. Nott , Michael Stanley Smith

Neural networks activated by the rectified linear unit (ReLU) play a central role in the recent development of deep learning. The topic of approximating functions from H\"older spaces by these networks is crucial for understanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Tong Mao , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Deep neural networks are powerful tools to model observations over time with non-linear patterns. Despite the widespread use of neural networks in such settings, most theoretical developments of deep neural networks are under the assumption…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-24 Mingliang Ma , Abolfazl Safikhani

This paper studies nonparametric regression with repeated measurements when the response in the target domain is unobservable or costly to collect. We adopt a transfer learning framework that leverages a source domain with observable…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-26 Yingxuan Wang , Xiangyu Xing , Wangli Xu

This is paper for the smooth function approximation by neural networks (NN). Mathematical or physical functions can be replaced by NN models through regression. In this study, we get NNs that generate highly accurate and highly smooth…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-03 I. K. Hong

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) powered by neural net approximation of the Q function has had enormous empirical success. While the theory of RL has traditionally focused on linear function approximation (or eluder dimension) approaches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Baihe Huang , Kaixuan Huang , Sham M. Kakade , Jason D. Lee , Qi Lei , Runzhe Wang , Jiaqi Yang

We study the problem of estimating an unknown function from noisy data using shallow ReLU neural networks. The estimators we study minimize the sum of squared data-fitting errors plus a regularization term proportional to the squared…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-24 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

We study approximation and statistical learning properties of deep ReLU networks under structural assumptions that mitigate the curse of dimensionality. We prove minimax-optimal uniform approximation rates for $s$-H\"older smooth functions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Thomas Nagler , Sophie Langer

In this work we consider the problem of estimating function-on-scalar regression models when the functions are observed over multi-dimensional or manifold domains and with potentially multivariate output. We establish the minimax rates of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-21 Matthew Reimherr , Bharath Sriperumbudur , Hyun Bin Kang

Neural networks are known to be a class of highly expressive functions able to fit even random input-output mappings with $100\%$ accuracy. In this work, we present properties of neural networks that complement this aspect of expressivity.…

Neural networks are powerful functions with widespread use, but the theoretical behaviour of these functions is not fully understood. Creating deep neural networks by stacking many layers has achieved exceptional performance in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Cameron Jakub , Mihai Nica

We propose a new method for functional nonparametric regression with a predictor that resides on a finite-dimensional manifold but is only observable in an infinite-dimensional space. Contamination of the predictor due to discrete/noisy…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-08 Zhenhua Lin , Fang Yao

In this paper, we focus on fully connected deep neural networks utilizing the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation function for nonparametric estimation. We derive non-asymptotic bounds that lead to convergence rates, addressing both…