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I study the optimal design of ratings to motivate agent investment in quality when transfers are unavailable. The principal designs a rating scheme that maps the agent's quality to a (possibly stochastic) score. The agent has private…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-11 Peiran Xiao

"Banning the Box" refers to a policy campaign aimed at prohibiting employers from soliciting applicant information that could be used to statistically discriminate against categories of applicants (in particular, those with criminal…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-08-18 John W. Patty , Elizabeth Maggie Penn

The use of algorithmic (learning-based) decision making in scenarios that affect human lives has motivated a number of recent studies to investigate such decision making systems for potential unfairness, such as discrimination against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Junaid Ali , Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Adish Singla , Krishna P. Gummadi

University rankings are increasingly adopted for academic comparison and success quantification, even to establish performance-based criteria for funding assignment. However, rankings are not neutral tools, and their use frequently…

Outcome tests are a popular method for detecting bias in lending, hiring, and policing decisions. These tests operate by comparing the success rate of decisions across groups. For example, if loans made to minority applicants are observed…

Applications · Statistics 2017-06-21 Camelia Simoiu , Sam Corbett-Davies , Sharad Goel

Computer aided formative assessment can be used to enhance a learning process, for instance by providing feedback. There are many design choices for delivering feedback, that lead to a feedback strategy. In an informative feedback strategy,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Gerben van der Hoek , Bastiaan Heeren , Rogier Bos , Paul Drijvers , Johan Jeuring

The goal of this paper is to share our experience in designing and organizing educational competitions with anonymous and (near) real-time leaderboards in both academic and industrial settings. While such competitions serve as a great…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Serdar Kadıoğlu , Bernard Kleynhans

Governments are increasingly turning to algorithmic risk assessments when making important decisions, such as whether to release criminal defendants before trial. Policymakers assert that providing public servants with algorithmic advice…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Ben Green , Yiling Chen

Due to the precautionary measures during the COVID-19 pandemic many universities offered unproctored take-home exams. We propose methods to detect potential collusion between students and apply our approach on event log data from take-home…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Janine Langerbein , Till Massing , Jens Klenke , Natalie Reckmann , Michael Striewe , Michael Goedicke , Christoph Hanck

In order to determine whether or not an effect is absent based on a statistical test, the recommended frequentist tool is the equivalence test. Typically, it is expected that an appropriate equivalence margin has been specified before any…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-24 Harlan Campbell , Paul Gustafson

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the implementation and acceptance of remotely proctored high-stake assessments. While the flexible administration of the tests brings forth many values, it raises test security-related concerns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jiangang Hao , Michael Fauss

In the last months, due to the emergency of Covid-19, questions related to the fact of belonging or not to a particular class of individuals (`infected or not infected'), after being tagged as `positive' or `negative' by a test, have never…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-23 Giulio D'Agostini , Alfredo Esposito

We study how partial information about scoring rules affects fairness in strategic learning settings. In strategic learning, a learner deploys a scoring rule, and agents respond strategically by modifying their features -- at some cost --…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Srikanth Avasarala , Serena Wang , Juba Ziani

This paper studies an online learning problem that seeks optimal testing policies for a stream of subjects, each of whom can be evaluated through a sequence of candidate tests drawn from a common pool. We refer to this problem as the Online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Qiyuan Chen , Raed Al Kontar

The data underlying scientific papers should be accessible to researchers both now and in the future, but how best can we ensure that these data are available? Here we examine the effectiveness of four approaches to data archiving: no…

As the number of smart devices that surround us increases, so do the opportunities to create smart socially-aware systems. In this context, mobile devices can be used to collect data about students and to better understand how their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-28 J. Fernandes , J. Sá Silva , A. Rodrigues , S. Sinche , F. Boavida

In the group testing problem we aim to identify a small number of infected individuals within a large population. We avail ourselves to a procedure that can test a group of multiple individuals, with the test result coming out positive iff…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Amin Coja-Oghlan , Oliver Gebhard , Max Hahn-Klimroth , Philipp Loick

The ability to perform effective off-policy learning would revolutionize the process of building better interactive systems, such as search engines and recommendation systems for e-commerce, computational advertising and news. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Damien Lefortier , Adith Swaminathan , Xiaotao Gu , Thorsten Joachims , Maarten de Rijke

Each time a learner in a self-paced online course seeks to answer an assessment question, it takes some time for the student to read the question and arrive at an answer to submit. If multiple attempts are allowed, and the first answer is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Ilia Rushkin , Isaac Chuang , Dustin Tingley

We study the problem of fair cohort selection from an unknown population, with a focus on university admissions. We start with the one-shot setting, where the admission policy must be fixed in advance and remain transparent, before…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Hortence Phalonne Nana , Christos Dimitrakakis