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A viable approach for building large-scale quantum computers is to interlink small-scale quantum computers with a quantum network to create a larger distributed quantum computer. When designing quantum algorithms for such a distributed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-08 Rhea Parekh , Andrea Ricciardi , Ahmed Darwish , Stephen DiAdamo

The emerging paradigm of distributed quantum computing promises a potential solution to scaling quantum computing to currently unfeasible dimensions. While this approach itself is still in its infancy, and many obstacles must still be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Leo Sünkel , Jonas Stein , Maximilian Zorn , Thomas Gabor , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Quantum computing (QC) is a new paradigm offering the potential of exponential speedups over classical computing for certain computational problems. Each additional qubit doubles the size of the computational state space available to a QC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-22 Wei Tang , Teague Tomesh , Martin Suchara , Jeffrey Larson , Margaret Martonosi

Executing large quantum circuits is not feasible using the currently available NISQ (noisy intermediate-scale quantum) devices. The high costs of using real quantum devices make it further challenging to research and develop quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Kartikey Sarode , Daniel E. Huang , E. Wes Bethel

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a broad class of optimization problems with many practical applications. To solve its hard instances in an exact way, known classical algorithms require exponential time and several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-21 Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

In the emerging field of Fault Tolerant Quantum Computation (FTQC), resource estimation is an important tool for quantitatively comparing prospective architectures, identifying hardware bottlenecks and informing which research paths are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Dmitry Filippov , Peter Yang , Prakash Murali

A limited number of qubits, high error rates, and limited qubit connectivity are major challenges for effective near-term quantum computations. Quantum circuit partitioning divides a quantum computation into a set of computations that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Sebastian Brandhofer , Ilia Polian , Kevin Krsulich

Critical decision-making issues in science, engineering, and industry are based on combinatorial optimization; however, its application is inherently limited by the NP-hard nature of the problem. A specialized paradigm of analogue quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Rudraksh Sharma , Ravi Katukam , Arjun Nagulapally

Distributed quantum computing (DQC) provides a way to scale quantum computers using multiple quantum processing units (QPU) connected through quantum communication links. In this paper, we have built a distributed quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Sreraman Muralidharan

In recent years, interest in quantum computing has increased due to technological advances in quantum hardware and algorithms. Despite the promises of quantum advantage, the applicability of quantum devices has been limited to few qubits on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Grier M. Jones , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

A quantum processing unit (QPU) must contain a large number of high quality qubits to produce accurate results for problems at useful scales. In contrast, most scientific and industry classical computation workloads happen in parallel on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Wei Tang , Margaret Martonosi

Distributed quantum computing is motivated by the difficulty in building large-scale, individual quantum computers. To solve that problem, a large quantum circuit is partitioned and distributed to small quantum computers for execution.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-09 Marc Grau Davis , Joaquin Chung , Dirk Englund , Rajkumar Kettimuthu

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems by providing quantum speedup on near-term gate-based quantum computing systems. However, QAOA faces challenges for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Seongmin Kim , Vincent R. Pascuzzi , Zhihao Xu , Tengfei Luo , Eungkyu Lee , In-Saeng Suh

This paper addresses the challenge of scaling quantum computing by employing distributed quantum algorithms across multiple processors. We propose a novel circuit partitioning method that leverages graph partitioning to optimize both qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Eneet Kaur , Hassan Shapourian , Jiapeng Zhao , Michael Kilzer , Ramana Kompella , Reza Nejabati

Quantum computing is presently undergoing rapid development to achieve a significant speedup promised in certain applications. Nonetheless, scaling quantum computers remains a formidable engineering challenge, prompting exploration of…

It is NP-complete to find non-negative factors $W$ and $H$ with fixed rank $r$ from a non-negative matrix $X$ by minimizing $\|X-WH^\top\|_F^2$. Although the separability assumption (all data points are in the conical hull of the extreme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-23 Yuxuan Du , Tongliang Liu , Yinan Li , Runyao Duan , Dacheng Tao

Distributed quantum computation is often proposed to increase the scalability of quantum hardware, as it reduces cooperative noise and requisite connectivity by sharing quantum information between distant quantum devices. However, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Abigail McClain Gomez , Taylor L. Patti , Anima Anandkumar , Susanne F. Yelin

To overcome the physical limitations of scaling monolithic quantum computers, distributed quantum computing (DQC) interconnects multiple smaller-scale quantum processing units (QPUs) to form a quantum network. However, this approach…

Large-scale optimization problems that involve thousands of decision variables have extensively arisen from various industrial areas. As a powerful optimization tool for many real-world applications, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) fail to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Peng Yang , Ke Tang , Xin Yao

This paper develops a distributed variational quantum algorithm for solving large-scale linear equations. For a linear system of the form $Ax=b$, the large square matrix $A$ is partitioned into smaller square block submatrices, each of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Tong Shen , Zeru Zhu , Ji Liu